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A '''gazetteer''' is a geographical dictionary, an important reference for information about places and place-names (see: [[toponomy]]), used in conjunction with an [[atlas]]. It typically contains information concerning the [[geographical]] makeup of a [[country]], [[region]] or [[continent]], the [[social statistics]] and physical features, such as [[mountains]], [[waterways]], or [[roads]]. Examples of information you would find include the ___location of places, dimensions of physical features, [[statistical population|population]], [[Gross domestic product|GDP]], [[literacy]] rate, etc. '''World gazetteers''' usually consist of an alphabetical listing of countries, with pertinent [[statistics]] for each one, with some gazetteers listing information on individual [[cities]], [[towns]], [[villages]] and other [[town|settlements]] of varying sizes.
'''Short-form gazetteers''', often used in conjuction with [[computer mapping]] and [[Geographic information system|GIS]] systems, may simply contain a list of place-names together with their locations in [[latitude]] and [[longitude]] or other [[spatial referencing systems]] (eg. [[British National Grid]] reference). Short-form gazetteers appear as a place-name index in the rear of major published atlases. '''Descriptive gazetteers''' may include lengthy textual descriptions of the places they contain, including explanation of [[industries]], [[government]], [[geography]], together with historical perspectives, maps and / or photographs. '''Thematic gazetteers''' list places or geographical features by theme; for example fishing ports, nuclear power stations or historic buildings. Their common element is that the geographical ___location is an important attribute of the features listed.
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