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In [[statistics]] and [[signal processing]], the method of '''empirical orthogonal function (EOF)''' analysis is a decomposition of a [[signal processing|signal]] or data set in terms of [[orthogonal]] [[basis function]]s which are determined from the data. It is the same as performing a [[principal components analysis]] on the data, except that the EOF method finds both [[time series]] and [[Three-dimensional space|spatial]] patterns. The term is also interchangeable with the geographically weighted [[Principal components analysis|PCAs]] in [[geophysics]].<ref name=eofa>{{cite web
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