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[[de:Genetischer Code]][[eo:Genetika Kodo]]
The '''genetic code''' is a translation table for how triplets of adjacent [[nucleotide|bases]], called ''[[codon|codons]]'', specify [[amino acid]]s in [[protein]] biosynthesis. In this process, the bases in the [[DNA]] from a gene are first copied into a molecule of [[mRNA]] during [[transcription]], certain sections of the [[mRNA]] are spliced out, and then amino acids are linked to it by molecules of [[tRNA]] during [[protein biosynthesis|translation]]. Some codons do not specify an amino acid, called STOP codons, which as a result end the translation process.
Nearly all living things use the same genetic code. The standard version is given in the following tables, which show what amino acid each of the 4<sup>3</sup> = 64 possible codons specify (Table 1), and what codons specify each of the 20 amino acids involved in translation (Table 2). For instance, GAU codes for the amino acid Asp ([[asparagine]]), and Cys ([[cysteine]]) is coded for by the codons UGU and UGC. These are called forward and reverse codon tables, respectively. The bases in the table are [[adenine]], [[cytosine]], [[guanine]] and [[uracil]], which are used in the [[mRNA]]; in the [[DNA]], [[thymine]] takes the place of uracil.
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