Object-PL/SQL: Difference between revisions

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'''Object-PL/SQL''' ('''[[Object-oriented programming|Object]]-Procedural Language/[[Structured Query Language]]''' or simply '''O-PL/SQL''') is a methodology of usage of the [[Oracle Corporation]]'s [[Procedural programming|procedural]] extension [[programming language|language]] for [[SQL]] and the [[Oracle Database|Oracle relational database]]<ref name="CITDK">{{cite web|url=http://www.cit.dk/cot/reports/reports/Case4/18/cot-4-18.pdf|title=Experiences with Object Oriented Development in PL/SQL|author=Lassan, Alan R., Due, Jacob Steen|date=13 June 2000|publisher=The danish Nationl Center for IT Research|accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref> after the features of the version 7 and further improvement,<ref name="DBAORA">{{cite web|url=http://www.dba-oracle.com/t_edb_pl_sql_features_release.htm|title=PL/SQL Features by Release|author=Cunningham, Lewis|publisher=Burleson Consulting|accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref>, leading to one of the means of large-scale environment implementations of the [[object-oriented database]] paradigm.

Although PL/SQL's general [[Syntax (programming languages)|syntax]] formerly used to resemble that of [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] or [[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]], there were many improvements that include mainly the ''Java embedding code''<ref name="STKOVER">{{cite web|url=http://stackoverflow.com/questions/70072/when-should-you-use-java-stored-procedures-with-an-oracle-database-what-are|title=When Should you use Java Stored Procedures with an Oracle Database, what are the Drawbacks?|publisher=Stack Overflow|accessdate=15 April 2012}}</ref> and the ''object-oriented syntax''<ref name="ETUT">{{cite web|url=http://etutorials.org/SQL/Oracle+PL+SQL+Language+Pocket+Reference/Chapter+1.+Oracle+PLSQL+Language+Pocket+Reference/1.16+Oracles+Object-Oriented+Features/|title=Oracle's Object-Oriented Features|publisher=etutorial.org|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref> inside the SQL.

The mixing and embedding, in [[Database trigger|triggers]] and [[stored procedure]]s of the Java and the SQL languages was one of the breakthrough points up to support the use of [[PL/SQL]] in a ''OO'' paradigm.<ref name="SAMS">Benett, 2002:144</ref>. The including in the SQL syntax of statements like <nowiki>[class].[object]</nowiki>, the implementation of the object ''type''<ref name="TOP10"/> (like any OO language) completed the minimum requisites to a mapping approach in an extended SQL language without use of [[Persistence framework|specific mapping software]].<ref name="BALES">Bales, 2007:107-209</ref>.

== Autonomy, notoriety and importance of O-PL/SQL ==

The O-PSL/SQL isn't identified with this or those versions of the language PL/SQL, but it has in its characters techniques of usage.<ref name="JAVA2">{{cite web|url=http://www.java2s.com/Tutorial/Oracle/0620__Object-Oriented/UseObjectPLSQL.htm|title=Use Object PL/SQL|publisher=java2s.com|accessdate=19 April 2012}}</ref>. Each version starting from 7 brings so many innovations that it's impossible to treat such usages as sub-themes of PL/SQL so big is the revolution that establishes a real borderline between the language, that can be used as formerly, and the OO approach inside itself<ref name="STEVE">Feuerstein, 2009</ref>

== A confusing of ''objects'' ==

Here cannot be confused the notions of ''object of DBMS'' and of ''class object''. This is very important as we live with both significances in one only language. It's so necessary to identify when the documentation refers to an ''object'' as one or the other meaning.

''Database objects'' are concepts that refer to [[Relational model|relational]] or even sequencial database and persist being valid in new models. ''Tables'', ''triggers'', ''columns'', ''indexes'' are examples of database objects,<ref name="TOP10">{{cite web|url=http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/43629/Top-10-steps-to-optimize-data-access-in-SQL-Server|title=Optimize Database Files and Apply Partitioning|author=Shubho, Al-Farooque|date=8 November 2009|publisher=The Code Project|accessdate=19 April 2012}}</ref>, nothing to see with ''classes objects'', witch are present too in O-PL/SQL with the same meaning of the notion of [[Java (programming language)|Java]] objects, specifically an element of a set that has its existence beginning from an instantiation of a class.

== The PL/SQL ==

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'''''PL/SQL''''' is the extended SQL language used by [[Oracle Database]].

PL/SQL is available in Oracle Database (since version 7), [[TimesTen|TimesTen in-memory database]] (since version 11.2.1), and [[IBM DB2]] (since version 9.7).<ref name="IBM">{{cite web|url=http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/data/library/techarticle/dm-0907oracleappsondb2/index.html|title=DB2 10: Run Oracle applications on DB2 10 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows|publisher=IBM|accessdate=20 April 2012}}</ref>

O-PL/SQL allows the definition of classes and instantiating these as objects, creating user-defined datatypes as and writing constructors, beyond using Java in stored procedures and triggers.

== Examples of uses of syntax of O-PL/SQL ==

Here is a small set of examples of O-PL/SQL syntax, extracted from the official documentation<ref name="ORADOC">{{cite web|url=http://docs.oracle.com/|title=Oracle Documentatio|publisher=Oracle|accessdate=19 April 2012}}</ref> and other sources:

=== Example 1 ===

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=== Example 2 ===

Another example of stored procedure in Java embedded in Oracle Documentation<ref name="ORA2">{{cite web|url=http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/java.102/b14187/chthree.htm#CACFGDCI|title=Calling Java Methods in Oracle Database|publishedpublisher=Oracle|accessdate=20 April 2012}}</ref>

== Bibliography ==

* {{cite book|url=http://books.google.com.br/books?id=1RwFA-vlwX8C&pg=PA144&lpg=PA144&dq=mixing+java+in+pl/sql+procedures+and+triggers&source=bl&ots=Vw7l1H7TUe&sig=bykIRLXpPkVPYucWr3fJhpYjzfY&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ei=L2WMT5ukDYio8gST1JHFCQ&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=mixing%20java%20in%20pl%2Fsql%20procedures%20and%20triggers&f=false|last=Bennett|first=Mathew||title=Programming Oracle Developer|edition=1|place=Indianapolis|publisher=Sams|year=2002|pages=348|isbn=0672321106}}

* {{cite book|url=http://books.google.com.br/books?id=FqUKI3MSuHYC&printsec=frontcover&hl=pt-BR&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|last=Bales|first=Donals|title=PL/SQL from Novice to Professional|edition=1|place=New York|publisher=Apress|year=2007|isbn=10590598822|pages=469|}}

* {{cite book|url=http://my.safaribooksonline.com/book/databases/oracle-pl-sql/9780596805401|title=Oracle PL/SQL Programming|last=Feuerstein|first=Steven|last2=Pribyl|first2=Bill||place=Sebastopol|publisher=O'Reilly Media, Inc.|year=2009|pages=978-0-596-51446-4|isbn=9780596514464|chapter=26}}

*{{cite book|url=http://218.92.71.5:1085/trebook/book/book36/2009986047703.pdf|last=Rahayu|first=Wenny|last2=taniar|first2=David|last3=Pardede|first3=Eric|title=Object-Oriented Oracle|Placeplace=Hershey|publisher=IRM Press|year=2006|pages=345|isbn=1591406080}}

==See also==

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[[Category:Oracle software]]

[[Category:SQL]]