Pulmonary function testing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:43, 11 June 2012

Revision as of 13:31, 21 June 2012

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===Pediatric neuromuscular disorders===

Neuromuscular disorders such as [[Duchenne muscular dystrophy]] are associated with gradual loss of muscle function over time. Involvement of respiratory muscles results in poor ability to cough and decreased ability to breathe well and leads to [[atelectasis]] (the inability of the lungs to gain oxygen) and an overall insufficencyinsufficiency in lung strength.<ref>Finder JD, Birnkrant D, Carl J, et al. Respiratory care of the patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: ATS consensus statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.2004;170 (4):456– 465</ref> A combination of reduced lung compliance caused by generalized and widespread microatelectasis and chest wall deformity caused by increased chest wall compliance4 results in increased work of breathing and chronic respiratory insufficiency.<ref>Wang CH, Finkel RS, Bertini ES, et al. Consensus statement for standard of care in spinal muscular atrophy. J Child Neurol.2007;22 (8):1027–1049</ref> Musculoskeletal deformities such as kyphoscoliosis contribute to restrictive lung disease.

Pulmonary function testing in patients with neuromuscular disorders helps to evaluate the respiratory status of patients at the time of diagnosis, monitor their progress and course, evaluate them for possible surgery, and gives an overall idea of the prognosis.<ref name="pmid19420147">{{cite journal| author=Sharma GD| title=Pulmonary function testing in neuromuscular disorders. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 2009 | volume= 123 Suppl 4 | issue= | pages= S219-21 | pmid=19420147 | doi=10.1542/peds.2008-2952D | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19420147 }}</ref>

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===Maximal respiratory pressures===

Measurement of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures is indicated whenever there is an unexplained decrease in vital capacity or respiratory muscle weakness is suspected clinically. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) is the maximal pressure that can be produced by the patient trying to inhale through a blocked mouthpiece. Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) is the maximal pressure measured during forced expiration (with cheeks bulging) through a blocked mouthpiece after a full inhalation. Repeated measurements of MIP and MEP are useful in following the course of patients with [[neuromuscular]] disorders.

===Diffusing capacity===

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===Oxygen desaturation during exercise===

The '''six-minute walk test''' is a good index of physical function and therapeutic response in patients with [[chronic lung disease]], such as [[COPD]] or [[idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]]<ref name="pmid12890299">{{cite journal| author=Enright PL| title=The six-minute walk test. | journal=Respir Care | year= 2003 | volume= 48 | issue= 8 | pages= 783–5 | pmid=12890299 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref><ref name="pmid19996335">{{cite journal| author=Swigris JJ, Wamboldt FS, Behr J, du Bois RM, King TE, Raghu G et al.| title=The 6 minute walk in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: longitudinal changes and minimum important difference. | journal=Thorax | year= 2010 | volume= 65 | issue= 2 | pages= 173–7 | pmid=19996335 | doi=10.1136/thx.2009.113498 | pmc=3144486 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12091180">{{cite journal| author=ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories| title=ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. | journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med | year= 2002 | volume= 166 | issue= 1 | pages= 111–7 | pmid=12091180 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>

===Arterial blood gases===

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[[Category:Medicine]]

[[fr:Exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire]]

[[ar:فحص وظائف الرئة]]

[[fr:Exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire]]