'''Hypodermatinae''' is a [[subfamily (biology)|subfamily]] of [[Oestridae]].<ref>{{cite whichjournal includes|last=Pape |first=Thomas |year=2001 |month=April |title=Phylogeny of Oestridae (Insecta: Diptera) |journal=[[Systematic Entomology]] |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=133–171 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-3113.2001.00143.x}}</ref> The Hypodermatinae include large, [[parasite|parasitic]] flies, some of which are known as '''warble flies'''. There are 9 genera in this subfamily, which typically spend their larval stage in the skin or soft tissues of [[mammal]]s, including [[bovine]]s. (suchSuch species areinclude often consideredserious pests) of livestock.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* {{cite journal | last1=Pape| first1= T. |year=2001|title= Phylogeny of Oestridae (Insecta: Diptera)|journal= Systematic Entomology|volume=26|pages=133-171|doi=10.1046/j.1365-3113.2001.00143.x}}
