Cripta Imperiale: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 00:22, 22 ott 2006

Versione delle 19:32, 22 ott 2006

Riga 1:

{{WIP open|giorasta|creando|ottobre}}

{{T|lingua=inglese|argomento=storia}}

[[Image:Habsburg_Emperor_death_head_dsc01325.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Ornamento di un sarcofago dell'Imperatore [[Carlo VI del Sacro Romano Impero|Carlo VI]]: un teschio con la corona del Sacro Romano Impero]]

Riga 13:

Delle altre famiglie ci sono 32 spose, più altri quattro, di cui sono stati trovati i resti posti qui. Tutti gli altri presenti nella Cripta Imperiale presentano solo il titolo Asburgico di [[Arciduca]] o [[Arciduchessa]].

I 103 [[sarcofago|sarcofagi]] metallici visibili e le 5 urne che contengono altrettanti cuori variano da uno stile semplice ad un'esuberante [[rococò]]. La Cripta Imperiale è una delle attrazioni più visitate a [[Vienna]].

<!--

The visible 103 metal [[sarcophagus|sarcophagi]] and 5 heart urns range in style from puritan plain to exuberant rococo. The Imperial Crypt is one of the top tourist attractions in [[Vienna]].

Attualmente, alcuni decine di frati Cappuccini continuano il loro tradizionale ruolo di custodi e guardiani della cripta insieme al loro lavoro pastorale a Vienna.

To this day, some of the dozen resident Capuchin friars continue their customary role as the guardians and caretakers of the crypt along with their other pastoral work in Vienna.

==Storia==

== History ==

<div style="background-color: #fff7fb; border: 1px solid #b79; margin: 0 2.5%; padding: 0 10px">

'''I numeri scritti a pedice dei nomi''' di molte persone elencate in questo articolo vengono usati per evitare confusione nei rimandi vista la somiglianza o l'uguaglianza dei nomi tra le varie generazioni.

'''Subscript numbers behind the names''' of most persons listed in this article are used to avoid confusion in cross-references due to the similarity or duplication of names over the many generations.

Un piccolo <small>numero</small> univoco appare con il nome di ogni persone che è sepolta nella Cripta Imperiale. Quando necessario per stabilire continuità, ad una persona sepolta altrove viene assegnato un numero preceduto da una <small>x</small> e indicata nella sezione [[Cripta Imperiale (Vienna)#Altri Asburgo|altri Asburgo]]

A unique small <small>index number</small> appears with the name of every person buried in the Imperial Crypt. The number corresponds with that person's entry in the [[Imperial Crypt Vaults|detailed listing]] of occupants of each Vault, to which it is hyperlinked. When necessary to establish continuity, a person buried elsewhere is assigned a number preceded by an <small>x</small> and then listed in the [[Imperial Crypt Vaults#Selected Other Habsburgs|Selected Other Habsburgs]] section.

</div>

EmpressL'imperatrice [[Anna ofdel TyrolTirolo]]{{bioxref| <small>1|Imperial Crypt Vaults}}</small>, wife ofmoglie Emperordell'Imperatore [[Matthias,Mattia del HolySacro RomanRomano EmperorImpero|MatthiasMattia]]{{bioxref| <small>2|Imperial</small> Crypt Vaults}} conceived theconcepì l'idea ofdi aun [[Orderchiostro]] of Friars Minor Capuchin[[Cappuccini|Capuchincappuccino]] cloistere anddi burialuna cryptcripta forsepolcrale herper andlui here husbandper sua marito, toda becostruire builtnelle invicinanze thedel neighborhoodcastello of thedi [[Hofburg]] castle ina [[Vienna]].

She provided funds for it in the will she made on [[10 November]] [[1617]], and graciously soon made the funds available by dying just a year later. Her spouse followed a year after that.

Lei si procurò i fondi per la costruzione, che iniziò il [[10 novembre]] [[1617]], e così come fece in fretta a recuperare i fondi, così se ne andò l'anno successivo. Il suo sposo lo seguì l'anno successivo.

The foundation stone was laid on [[8 September]] [[1622]] in the presence of Emperor [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand II]]{{bioxref|x578|Imperial Crypt Vaults}} and after slow progress caused by the distractions of the [[Thirty Years' War]] the church was dedicated on [[25 July]] [[1632]] and at Easter of the next year, the simple sarcophagi containing the remains of Emperor Mathias{{bioxref|2|Imperial Crypt Vaults}} and Empress Anna{{bioxref|1|Imperial Crypt Vaults}} were transferred with great ceremony to what is now called the Founder's Vault.

La prima pietra venne posata l'[[8 settembre]] [[1622]] alla presenza dell'Imperatore [[Ferdinando II del Sacro Romano Impero|Ferdinando II]] <small>x578</small> e dopo un rallentamento causato dalle vicende della [[Guerra dei trent'anni]] la chiesa fu dedicata il [[25 luglio]] [[1632]] e durante la Pasqua dell'anno successivo, il semplice sarcofago contenente i resti dell'Imperatore Mattia <small>2</small> e dell'Imperatrice Anna <small>1</small> furono trasferiti con una grande cerimonia in quella che attualmente viene chiamato ''Sepolcro dei Fondatori''.

<!--

Emperor [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold I]]{{bioxref|37|Imperial Crypt Vaults}} enlarged the crypt in [[1657]] in the area under the nave of the church and his son Emperor [[Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph I]]{{bioxref|35|Imperial Crypt Vaults}} extended it further westward in [[1710]], but awkwardly, beginning the vault that his brother Emperor [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Karl VI]]{{bioxref|40|Imperial Crypt Vaults}} continued westward in [[1720]] that extends under the chancel and the apse choir above. For the first time, a well-known architect ([[Lukas von Hildebrandt]]) was involved with an enlargement of the crypt.

Line 50 ⟶ 52:

In [[2003]] another project made the crypt accessible to the handicapped, and opened previously unused doors so that the visitor route no longer requires the 100% backtracking that was necessary before. The entire crypt was also air conditioned to prevent deterioration of the tombs.

-->

==I The sarcophagi sarcofagi==

<!--

The free-standing tombs are usually variations of either a flat-topped storage chest, or a tub with sloping sides and a convex lid of tapered decks.

Ornamentation ranges from simple to elaborate.

Line 74 ⟶ 79:

Within the coffin, the body usually has had the [[Organ (anatomy)|organs]] removed as a necessary part of the [[embalming]] process for its display before the funeral. For about one-third of the bodies, the heart has been placed into a silver [[urn]] and sent elsewhere (usually the [[Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]]), and for some the intestines and other organs have been put into a copper urn and deposited in the [[Stephansdom#Ducal Crypt|Dukes Crypt]] in the catacombs of Vienna’s cathedral, the [[Stephansdom]].

-->

== ConservationConservazione ofdelle the tombstombe ==

<!--

Over the centuries, constant humidity, variations in temperature, and the host of visitors had taken a great toll on the sarcophagi. Corrosion craters, holes and tears had developed. Layers of the horizontal surfaces had peeled, base plates had broken through, decorative fixtures had been broken or stolen by visitors, the cast metal absorbed too much humidity and puffed up, and heavy covers had caused some sidewalls to bend or cave.

Line 197 ⟶ 205:

== The vaults ==

The Imperial Crypt today consists of an interconnected series of [[Imperial Crypt Vaults|ten subterranean vaulted rooms]], built at various times as more space was needed.

Line 212 ⟶ 221:

In [[1960]], with the various vaults overcrowded, a major rearrangement project began which resulted in the construction of the [[Imperial Crypt Vaults#VaultLeopoldKids|Children's Columbarium]] and the [[Imperial Crypt Vaults#The New Vault|New Vault]]. At the same time many bodies were moved to those new areas, others were moved from the [[Imperial Crypt Vaults#The Tuscan Vault|Tuscan Vault]] and [[Imperial Crypt Vaults#Ferdinand’s Vault|Ferdinand’s Vault]] and walled up into the corner piers of Ferdinand's Vault. In [[2003]], the Vaults were air-conditioned, more for the preservation of the tombs than the comfort of visitors.

-->

==Altri Asburgo==

== Voci correlate ==