Linux: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:20, 12 February 2013

Revision as of 07:27, 13 February 2013

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Most Linux distributions support dozens of [[programming language]]s. The original development tools used for building both Linux applications and operating system programs are found within the [[GNU toolchain]], which includes the [[GNU Compiler Collection]] (GCC) and the [[GNU build system]]. Amongst others, GCC provides compilers for [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]], [[C (programming language)|C]], [[C++]], [[Java (programming language)|Java]], and [[Fortran]]. First released in 2003, the [[Low Level Virtual Machine]] project provides an alternative open-source compiler for many languages. [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]] compilers for Linux include the [[Intel C++ Compiler]], [[Sun Studio (software)|Sun Studio]], and IBM XL [[C (programming language)|C]]/[[C++]] Compiler. [[BASIC]] in the form of [[Visual Basic]] is supported in such forms as [[Gambas]], [[FreeBASIC]], and [[XBasic]], and in terms of terminal programming or [[QuickBASIC]] or [[Turbo BASIC]] programming in the form of [[QB64]].

A common feature of Unix-like systems, Linux includes traditional specific-purpose programming languages targeted at [[scripting]], text processing and system configuration and management in general. Linux distributions support [[shell scripts]], [[awk]], [[sed]] and [[make (software)|make]]. Many programs also have an embedded programming language to support configuring or programming themselves. For example, [[regular expressions]] are supported in programs like [[grep]], or [[locate (Unix)|locate]], [[JavaScript]] is used in [[web browsers]] and [[graphical user interfaces]], while advanced text editors, like [[GNU Emacs]] have a complete [[Emacs Lisp|Lisp]] interpreter built-in.

Most distributions also include support for [[PHP]], [[Perl]], [[Ruby programming language|Ruby]], [[Python programming language|Python]] and other [[dynamic programming language|dynamic languages]]. While not as common, Linux also supports [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] (via [[Mono (software)|Mono]]), [[Vala (programming language)|Vala]], and [[Scheme programming language|Scheme]]. A number of [[Java Virtual Machine]]s and development kits run on Linux, including the original Sun Microsystems JVM ([[HotSpot]]), and IBM's J2SE RE, as well as many open-source projects like [[Kaffe]] and [[JikesRVM]].