Cripta Imperiale: differenze tra le versioni
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Riga 284:
* <small>59</small> Imperatrice '''[[Elisabeth Wilhelmine di Württemberg-Mömpelgard]]''' (Treptow [[21 aprile]] [[1767]] - Vienna [[18 febbraio]] [[1790]]). Prima moglie ([[1788]]) dell'Imperatore Francesco II <small>57</small>. Morì all'età di 22 anni un giorno dopo aver dato alla luce Ludovika Elisabeth Franziska <small>66</small>.
* <small>60</small> Imperatrice '''[[Maria Teresa del Regno delle Due Sicilie]]''' (Napoli [[6 giugno]] [[1772]] - Vienna [[13 aprile]] [[1807]]). Seconda moglie ([[1790]]) all'età di 18 anni dell'Imperatore Francesco II <small>57</small>. Madre dell'Imperatrice Maria Luisa <small>127</small> (seconda moglie di Napoleone), dell'Imperatore Ferdinando <small>62</small>, e di tutti i successivi figli di suo marito. In quanto sua madre <small>107</small> era la sorella di suo padre di suo marito <small>113</small>, la coppia era di primi cugini. Morì all'età di 34 anni per [[Pleurite] tuberculare pochi giorni dopo la nascita prematura di Amalia Teresa <small>96</small>. Il suo cuore è sepolto nell'[[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] nell'[[Augustinerkirche]].
* <small>61</small> Imperatrice '''[[Carolina Augusta di Baviera]]''' (Mannheim [[8 febbraio]] [[1792]] - Vienna [[9 febbraio]] [[1873]]). Quarta moglie ([[1816]]) dell'
* <small>58</small> Imperatrice '''[[Maria Ludovica d'Austria-Este]]''' (Monza [[14 dicembre]] [[1787]] - Verona [[7 aprile]] [[1816]]). Terza moglie ([[1808]]) all'età di 20 anni del quarantenne cugino Imperatore Francesco II <small>57</small>, contrasse la [[tubercolosi]] poco dopo il suo matrimonio, soffrendo di questo per anni dal matrimonio fino all'età di 28 anni. Il suo cuore è sepolto nell'[[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] nell'[[Augustinerkirche]].
Riga 358:
* <small>84b</small> '''senza nome''' ([[1802]]). Figlio Infante di Luisa Maria <small>84a</small>. Entrambi morti durante la sua nascita e sepolti nella stessa bara.
* <small>85</small> Granduchessa [[Maria Antonietta Anna del Regno delle due Sicilie]] (Palermo [[19 dicembre]] [[1814]] - Orte [[7 novembre]] [[1898]]). Seconda moglie ([[1833]]) di [[Leopoldo II di Toscana]]<small>109</small>. Morì prima del suo 84esimo compleanno.
* <small>86</small>
* <small>87</small>
====''All'interno del pilastro di nord-est:''====
''Tredici tombe, principalmente membri del ramo toscano:''
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Line 411 ⟶ 408:
''In the archway from [[#VaultFerd|Ferdinand’s Vault]], from left to right:''
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''Behind them, from left to right:''
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''To the right of the archway, along the north wall, from left to right:''
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''To the left of the archway, along the west wall, from left to right:''
*{{biohead|102|Archduke '''[[Ferdinand Karl of Austria-Este]]''' ([[1781]] - [[1850]])
*{{biohead|103|Archduke '''[[Anton Viktor of Austria|Anton Viktor]]''' ([[31 August]] [[1779]] - [[2 April]] [[1835]])
*{{biohead|104|Archduke '''[[Archduke Louis of Austria|Ludwig Joseph]]''' ([[13 December]] [[1784]] - [[21 December]] [[1864]])
''In front of them, along the east wall:''
*{{biohead|101|Archduke '''[[Francis V, Duke of Modena|Franz V of Austria-Este, Duke of Modena]]''' ([[1819]] - [[1875]])
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=== La Nuova Volta ===
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The ''Neue Gruft'' was built between [[1960]] and [[1962]] under the monastery grounds as a 280 square meter enlargement to eliminate the overcrowded jumble of 140 bodies (plus cremation and heart urns of four other persons) in the other nine vaults, and to provide a climate-controlled environment to protect the metal sarcophagi from further deterioration. Its stark concrete walls evoke the solemnity of death. The New Vault is entered from [[#VaultFerd|Ferdinand’s Vault]], and exits into the back of [[#VaultFranzJoseph|Franz Joseph’s Vault]]. It contains 26 sarcophagi:
''Skip ahead to tombs:'' [[#VaultNewWest|115-119]], [[#VaultNewNorthWest|120-126]], [[#VaultNewSouth|127]], [[#VaultNewNorthEast|128-134]], [[#VaultNewEast|135-141]]
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====''Muro occidentale''====
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''To the left of the entrance, proceeding along the west wall from south to north, the "Bishops Row":''
*{{biohead|115|Archduke '''[[Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria|Leopold Wilhelm]]''' ([[6 April]] [[1614]] - [[20 November]] [[1662]]). Son of Emperor Ferdinand II.{{bioxref|x578}} Named at age 13 to take over his uncle [[Leopold V of Austria (Habsburg)|Leopold's]] renounced see at Halberstaedt (when he became 22, this was confirmed by the Pope) and later became also Bishop of Olomouc, Bishop of Breslau, and Grand Master of the [[Teutonic Knights]]. His heart is buried in the [[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]] and his intestines are buried separately in the [[Ducal Crypt]] of the [[Stephansdom]].
*{{biohead|116|Archduke '''[[Karl Joseph of Austria|Karl Joseph]]''' ([[7 August]] [[1649]] - [[27 January]] [[1664]]). Son of Emperor Ferdinand III{{bioxref|27}} and Empress Maria Leopoldina,{{bioxref|21}} who died during his birth. Bishop of Olomouc and Grand Master of the [[Teutonic Knights]] at age 13 as heir to his uncle, Archduke Leopold Wilhelm.{{bioxref|115}} The art collection he inherited from Archduke Leopold Wilhelm{{bioxref|115}} became the foundation of the [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]]. Died at age 15. His intestines are buried separately in the [[Ducal Crypt]] of the [[Stephansdom]].
*{{biohead|117|'''[[Karl Joseph of Lorraine]]''' ([[1680]] - [[1715]]). Son of Archduchess Eleonora Maria{{bioxref|18}} and [[Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine]]. Archbishop of Trier. Uncle of Emperor Franz I Stephen,{{bioxref|55}} the husband of Empress Maria Theresia.{{bioxref|56}} He died unexpectedly of smallpox while visiting Vienna and, not being a Habsburg in the male line nor married to one, was originally buried in the [[Minorite church (Vienna)|Minoritenkirche]] but was brought here the next year.
:*Urn containing heart of Archbishop Karl Joseph of Lorraine,{{bioxref|117}} placed atop his sarcophagus.
*{{biohead|118|Archduke '''[[Maximilian Franz of Austria|Maximilian Franz]]''' ([[8 December]] [[1756]] - [[26 July]] [[1801]]) Youngest son of Empress Maria Theresia.{{bioxref|56}} Archbishop of Cologne. His heart is buried in the [[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]].
*{{biohead|119|Archduke '''[[Rudolph of Austria (Cardinal)|Rudolph]]''' ([[8 January]][[1788]] - [[24 July]] [[1831]]). Youngest son of Emperor Leopold II.{{bioxref|113}} Cardinal and Archbishop of Olomouc. A piano pupil of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]], Beethoven dedicated 14 compositions to him, including the [[Archduke Trio]] and his great [[Missa Solemnis (Beethoven)|Missa Solemnis]]. He, in turn, dedicated one of his own compositions to Beethoven.
===''South Wall''===
''Along the south wall:''
*{{biohead|127|Empress '''[[Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria|Maria Louise]]''' ([[1791]] - [[1847]])|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57}} Daughter of Emperor Franz II.{{bioxref|57}} Empress of France as second wife of [[Napoleon I of France|Napoléon Bonaparte]], later Duchess of Parma in her own right.
*A memorial tablet to "the first victims of the World War 1914 - 1918", Archduke [[Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria|Franz Ferdinand]]{{bioxref|x863}} ([[1863]] - [[1914]]), son of Archduke Karl Ludwig,{{bioxref|138}} and to Franz Ferdinand's wife Countess [[Sophie Chotek|Sophie of Chotkova and Wognin]]{{bioxref|x868}} ([[1868]] - [[1914]]). The couple are buried in the crypt of the castle at [[Schloß Artstetten|Artstetten]].
===''North Wall''===
''Proceeding along the north wall, from west to east, the first ledge contains the immediate family of Archduke Karl{{bioxref|122}} the victor of Aspern:''
*{{biohead|120|Archduke '''[[Wilhelm Franz Karl of Austria|Wilhelm Franz Karl]]''' ([[21 April]] [[1827]] - [[29 July]] [[1894]]). Youngest son of Archduke Karl.{{bioxref|122}} Became Grand Master of the [[Teutonic Knights]].
*{{biohead|121|Archduke '''[[Karl Ferdinand of Austria-Teschen|Karl Ferdinand]]''' ([[1818]] - [[1874]]). Son of Archduke Karl.{{bioxref|122}}
*{{biohead|122|Archduke '''[[Archduke Charles of Austria|Karl]] "the victor of [[Battle of Aspern-Essling|Aspern]]"''' ([[1771]] - [[1847]]) Duke of Teschen, third son of Emperor Leopold II.{{bioxref|113}} He was adopted by the childless Albert of Saxony-Teschen{{bioxref|111}} and Archduchess Maria Christina.{{bioxref|112}} A statue of him on horseback, holding the regimental colors aloft to rally his troops against Napoleon, stands in the [[Heldenplatz]] in Vienna. His heart is buried in the [[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]].
*{{biohead|123|Archduchess '''[[Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg]]''' ([[30 October]] [[1797]] - [[29 December]] [[1829]]) Wife of Archduke Karl.{{bioxref|122}} She is the only [[Protestant]] buried here, after Emperor Franz II{{bioxref|57}} overrode the resistance of the resident clergy.
:*Urn with heart and entrails of Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg.{{bioxref|123}}
*{{biohead|125|Archduke '''Rudolph Franz''' ([[1822]] - [[1822]])|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113}} Infant son of Archduke Karl.{{bioxref|122}} His heart is buried in the [[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]].
''On its own pedestal, directly across from the tomb of Empress Maria Louise{{bioxref|127}}:''
*{{biohead|126|Emperor '''[[Maximilian of Habsburg|Maximilian I of Mexico]]''' ([[1832]] - [[1867]]) Second son of Archduke Franz Karl{{bioxref|135}} and brother of Emperor Franz Joseph.{{bioxref|142}} Created Emperor of Mexico by France, he was overthrown and executed by Mexican revolutionaries.
''The next ledge along the north wall, from left to right, mostly contains the family of Archduke Albrecht{{bioxref|128}} a great military commander of the following generation:''
*{{biohead|128|Archduke '''[[Archduke Albrecht of Austria|Albrecht]]''' ([[1817]] - [[1895]]) Eldest son of Archduke Karl.{{bioxref|122}} Because of a distinguished military career, an equestrian statue of him was erected on the ramp outside of his former home, the [[Albertina (Vienna)|Albertina]] in Vienna.
*{{biohead|129|Archduchess '''[[Hildegard of Bavaria]]''' ([[10 June]] [[1825]] - [[2 April]] [[1864]])|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113}} Wife of Archduke Albrecht.{{bioxref|128}} Sister of Adelgunde of Bavaria.{{bioxref|94}} Her heart is buried in the [[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]].
*{{biohead|130|Archduchess '''[[Mathilde of Austria-Teschen]]''' ([[25 January]] [[1849]] - [[6 June]] [[1867]]) Daughter of Archduke Albrecht.{{bioxref|128}} At age 18, trying to hide a burning cigarette behind her back, she set her clothes afire and died from her injuries. Her heart is buried in the [[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]].
*{{biohead|131|Archduke '''Karl Albert of Austria-Teschen''' ([[1847]] - [[1848]]) Infant son of Archduke Albrecht.{{bioxref|128}}
*{{biohead|132|Archduke '''[[Leopold Salvator of Austria-Tuscany|Leopold Salvator]]''' Maria Joseph Ferdinand Franz von Assisi Karl Anton von Padua Johann Baptist Januarius Aloys Gonzaga Ranier Wenzel Gallus (Alt-Bunzlau, Bohemia [[15 October]] [[1863]] - Vienna [[4 September]] [[1931]]) Eldest son of Archduke Karl Salvator.{{bioxref|90}} During a brilliant military career, he reorganized and modernized the Austrian artillery, becoming Inspector General in [[1908]]. He flew hot air balloons and work on the development of [[airship]]s. He grew rich from his inventions such as all-wheel drive and half-track trucks for the army. Married ([[1889]]) Blanca Infanta of Spain (Graz 7 Sep 1868-Viareggio 25 Oct 1949).
*{{biohead|133|Archduke '''[[Ranier Karl of Austria-Tuscany|Rainer Karl]]''' Leopold Blanka Anton Margarete Beatrix Peter Joseph Raphael Michael Ignaz Stephan (Zagabria [[21 novembre]] [[1895]] - Vienna [[25 maggio]] [[1930]]). First son of Archduke Leopold Salvator.{{bioxref|132}} Unmarried.
*{{biohead|134|Archduchess '''[[Margarete Karoline of Saxony]]''' ([[24 May]] [[1840]] - [[15 September]][[1858]]). First wife ([[1856]]) of her mother's nephew, Archduke Karl Ludwig.{{bioxref|138}} The marriage had not yet produced any children when she fell ill of typhus while on holiday in [[Monza]] and died at age 18. Her heart is buried in the Hofkapelle in [[Innsbruck]].
===''East Wall''===
''Proceeding along the east wall, from north to south, the direct ancestors of the last emperors:''
*{{biohead|135|Archduke '''[[Archduke Franz Karl of Austria|Franz Karl]]''' ([[1802]] - [[1878]]). Third son of Emperor Franz II.{{bioxref|57}} When his elder brother Emperor Ferdinand{{bioxref|62}} abdicated in [[1848]], he stood aside so that his son, Emperor Franz Joseph,{{bioxref|142}} could succeed to the throne instead. Great grandfather of the last reigning emperor, Emperor Karl I.{{bioxref|x887}} His heart is buried in the [[Herzgruft (Vienna)|Herzgruft]] in the [[Augustinerkirche]].
*{{biohead|136|'''Unnamed''' ([[1840]]) Infant son of Archduke Franz Karl.{{bioxref|135}}
*{{biohead|137|Archduchess '''[[Sophie, Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bavaria|Sophie]]''' ([[1805]] - [[1872]]). Wife ([[1824]]) of Archduke Franz Karl.{{bioxref|135}} Friendly with Napoleon's son{{bioxref|x811}} in her youth. She tried to arrange a marriage between her son Emperor Franz Joseph{{bioxref|142}} and the eldest daughter of her sister, but he chose the youngest daughter ''"Sissi"''{{bioxref|143}} instead.
*{{biohead|138|Archduke '''[[Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria|Karl Ludwig]]''' ([[1833]] - [[1896]]). Third son of Archduke Franz Karl.{{bioxref|135}} Brother of Emperor Franz Joseph,{{bioxref|142}} father of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este{{bioxref|x863}} and Otto{{bioxref|140}} and grandfather of Emperor Karl I.{{bioxref|x887}} After the death of Crown Prince Rudolf{{bioxref|144}} he was the heir-apparent.
*{{biohead|139|Archduchess '''[[Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Sicily]]''' ([[24 March]] [[1843]] - [[4 May]] [[1871]]). Second wife ([[1862]]) of Archduke Karl Ludwig.{{bioxref|138}}
*{{biohead|140|Archduke '''[[Archduke Otto Franz of Austria|Otto]] ''"der Schöne"''''' (the gorgeous) ([[1865]] - [[1906]]). Second son of Archduke Karl Ludwig.{{bioxref|138}} Father of Emperor Karl I.{{bioxref|x887}} Usually remembered for the widely-circulated story that he had been spotted in a hallway at the [[Hotel Sacher]] about to enter a lady's room, wearing only a sword.
*{{biohead|141|Archduchess '''[[Maria Josefa of Saxony]]''' ([[31 May]] [[1867]] - [[28 May]] [[1944]]). Wife ([[1886]]) of Archduke Otto.{{bioxref|140}} She strived to keep her children away from the influence of her notorious husband, and her ability to avoid excessive displays of grief when he died was much noted. She would probably wish her tomb was not exactly where it now is. She accompanied the last reigning emperor, Karl I{{bioxref|x887}} into exile, and spent the remainder of her life with his family after his death.
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=== La Volta di Francesco Giuseppe ===
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By [[1908]] the seven vaults of the crypt already held 129 bodies, plus the heart urns of another 3 persons. In that year the ''Franz Josephs Gruft'' was built, along with the adjacent Chapel, as part of the celebrations of Emperor Franz Josef's{{bioxref|142}} 60 years on the throne. The vault is usually entered from the north wall in the rear, through the southeast door of the [[#VaultNew|New Vault]].
''From the foot of the tombs, left to right:''
[[Image:Kaiser Franz Joseph tomb - Vienna.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Franz Joseph's Vault, showing the pedestal of the stone tomb of Emperor Franz Josef, flanked by wife Elisabeth and son Rudolf.]]
*{{biohead|143|Empress '''[[Elisabeth of Bavaria]] ''("Sissi")''''' ([[1837]] - [[1898]])| Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57}} Wife of Emperor Franz Joseph.{{bioxref|142}}
*{{biohead|142|Emperor '''[[Franz Joseph of Austria|Franz Josef]]''' ([[1830]] - [[1916]])|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57}} Son of Archduke Franz Karl.{{bioxref|135}}
*{{biohead|144|Archduke '''[[Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria|Rudolf]]''' ([[1858]] - [[1889]])|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57}} Son of Emperor Franz Joseph.{{bioxref|142}}
Turning around from the foot of the tombs, the doorway on the south wall of this vault leads into the [[#VaultChapel|Crypt Chapel]].
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=== La Cappella della Cripta ===
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The ''Gruftkapelle'' was built, along with [[#VaultFranzJoseph|Franz Joseph’s Vault]], in [[1908]]. It is usually entered from the south doorway of Franz Joseph's Vault. It contains one sarcophagus:
''As one enters, to the right extending from the west wall:''
*{{biohead|147|Empress '''[[Zita of Bourbon-Parma]]''' ([[1892]] - [[1989]])|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57}} Wife ([[1911]]) of Emperor Karl I{{bioxref|x887}} of Austria. The hearts of this couple are in the crypt of the [http://www.klosterkirche-muri.ch/kloster/loreto.html Loretto Chapel] of the [[Benedictine]] Monastery at [[Muri Abbey|Muri]], [[Switzerland]].
''To the left, in front of the east wall:''
*A statue of the Madonna, presented by Hungarian ladies in [[1899]] as a memorial to Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria.{{bioxref|143}}
''In the far-right (southeast) corner:''
*A memorial bust of ([[Beatification|Blessed]]) Emperor [[Karl I of Austria]]{{bioxref|x887}} ([[1887]] - [[1922]]), the last reigning Emperor, whose body is buried in the [[Nossa Senhora do Monte]] church in [[Funchal]] on the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] island of [[Madeira]].
The doorway to the right enters the east side of [[#VaultFranz|Franz’s Vault]]; the west doorway, to the left, is an exit stairway.
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== Sepolture future ==
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