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Since the end of the [[World Wars]], the term Great Power has been split up into a number of definite categories. The term [[Superpower]] was used to define a nation with overwhelming power over the rest of the world, this term was initially used to describe the [[United States]] and [[Soviet Union]]. The term '''Major power''' (or sometimes '''Global Power''') has also been used to describe nations with great power, yet not as overwhelming as that of a superpower. This system forms a type of hierarchy for powerful nations.
==Great Powers through Pre-Modern (pre 1500 CE) ==
===East Asia===
{|class="wikitable"
|+ align=bottom |Great Powers throughout Modern History''
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Country
! Dates
! Rise
! Downfall
! Notes
|-
|[[Qin Dynasty]]
|221-207 BCE
|The founding of the [[Qin Dynasty]]
|The death of [[Qin Shi Huang]], China's first [[emperor]]
|First unification of [[China]]
|-
|[[Han Dynasty]]
|202 BCE-220 CE
|The coronation of [[Emperor Gaozu]]
|The abdication of [[Emperor Xian]]
|Ruled [[China]]; dynastic interruption from CE 9-24 by [[Wang Mang]]
|-
|[[Sui Dynasty]]
|581-618
|[[Emperor Wen of Sui|Emperor Wen]] seizes control of northern and southern China
|The overthrow of [[Emperor Gong of Sui|Emperor Gong]]
|Ruled [[China]]
|-
|[[Tang Dynasty]]
|618-907
|The overthrow of [[Emperor Gong of Sui|Emperor Gong]]
|The overthrow of [[Emperor Ai of Tang|Emperor Ai]]
|Ruled [[China]]; interrupted by [[Empress Wu]] from 690-705
|-
|[[Song Dynasty]]
|960-1276
|[[Emperor Taizu]] reunifies northern and southern China
|[[Kublai Khan]] seizes the Song capital, [[Hangzhou]]
|Ruled [[China]]; territory diminished to [[Northern and southern China|Southern China]]
|-
|[[Jin Dynasty]]
|1127-1234
|The sack of [[Kaifeng]], the Song Dynasty's first capital
|Conquest by [[Ogedei Khan]]
|Ruled [[Northern and southern China|Northern China]] and [[Manchuria]]
|-
|The [[Mongolian Empire]]
|1214-1340 est.
|[[Genghis Khan]] defeats and receives tribute from the [[Jin Dynasty]]
|The [[Black Death]], decline of the [[Silk Road]] and communication networks
|Directly ruled territory from [[Korea]] and [[Vietnam]] to the [[Vistula River]] and [[Mesopotamia]]; the empire's component states of [[Yuan Dynasty|Yuan China]], the [[Ilkhanate]], the [[Golden Horde]], and the [[Chagatai Khanate]] continued as completely independent states. <!--citation needed-->
|-
|[[Yuan Dynasty]]
|1271-1369
|[[Kublai Khan]] revives the title of [[Emperor of China]]
|[[Ming]] conquest of [[Shangdu]]
|Self-governing part of the [[Mongol Empire]]; the Yuan continued to rule [[Mongolia]] after its grip on [[China]] slipped.
|-
|[[Ming Dynasty]]
|1369-1644
|Expulsion of the [[Yuan]] from [[China]]
|[[Qing]] conquest of [[Beijing]]
|Ruled [[China]]; the Ming did not completely collapse until 1662
|-
|}
===Europe===
{{incomplete-list}}
{|class="wikitable"
|+ align=bottom |Great Powers throughout Modern History''
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Country
! Dates
! Rise
! Downfall
! Notes
|-
|The [[Carthage|Carthaginian Empire]]
|575 BCE-202 BCE
|The fall of [[Tyre]] to the [[Assyrians]], which let [[Carthage]] assume leadership of the [[Phoenician]] colonies
|The [[Battle of Zama]]
|Ruled much of the coasts of modern [[Tunisia]], [[Lybia]], [[Algeria]], [[Morocco]], and [[Spain]]; also ruled [[Corsica]], [[Sardinia]], and Western [[Sicily]]
|-
|[[Alexander the Great|Alexander's Empire]]
|336 BCE-323 BCE
|Submission of most of the [[Greek City-States]] to Alexander
|Death of [[Alexander the Great]]
|Ruled an area from [[Greece]] and [[Cyrenaica]] to the [[Indus River]]; though the empire was theoretically still united after Alexander's death, generals seized control of its peices, which later became [[Ptolemaic Dynasty|Ptolemaic Egypt]], [[Antigonid Dynasty|Macedonia]], and the [[Seleucid Empire]].
|-
|[[Macedon]]
|272 BCE-197 BCE
|The death of [[Pyrrhus]] at [[Argos]]
|The [[Battle of Cynoscephalae]]
|Under the [[Antigonid Dynasty]]; ruled directly and indirectly much of [[Greece]], the [[Balkans]], and [[Asia Minor]]
|-
|[[Ptolemaic Egypt]]
|301 BCE-170 BCE
|The [[Battle of Ipsus]]
|The invasion of [[Antiochus IV Epiphanes]]
|Ruled [[Egypt]], [[Cyrenaica]], [[Palestine]], [[Cyprus]], and various territories in [[Greece]] and [[Asia Minor]]
|-
|The [[Roman Republic]]
|275 BCE-27 BCE
|The [[Battle of Beneventum]]
|The [[Augustus|First Settlement]] between [[Octavian]] and the [[Roman Senate]]
|Continued as the [[Roman Empire]]
|-
|The [[Roman Empire]]
|27 BCE-475 CE
|The [[Augustus|First Settlement]] between [[Octavian]] and the [[Roman Senate]]
|The overthrow of Emperor [[Julius Nepos]]
|At its height, ruled virtually all of [[Europe]] west of the [[Rhine]] and south of the [[Danube]], lower [[Great Britain]],[[Dacia]], [[North Africa]], [[Asia Minor]], the [[Levant]], part of [[Arabia]], [[Mesopotamia]], and [[Armenia]].
|-
|The [[Atilla the Hun|Hun Empire]]
|432 CE-454
|Unification of the [[Hun|Huns]] under [[Ruga]]
|The [[Battle of Nedao]]
| -
|-
|
|1721-Present
|The [[Great Northern War]]
| -
|Under [[Romanov Dynasty]], [[Communism]], and now a federation; current power from military strength, UN veto, extensive resources, and possession of a vast nuclear stockpile
|-
|[[Spain]]
|1469-1713
|[[Unification of Spain]]
|[[Treaty of Utrecht]]
|Under [[Hapsburg Dynasty]] and [[Bourbon Dynasty]]s
|-
|[[Sweden]]
|1611-1721
|The [[Ingrian War]]
|The [[Great Northern War]]
| -
|-
|[[The United States]]
|1898-Present
|[[Spanish-American War]]
| -
| -
|-
|}
===South Asia===
{{incomplete-list}}
==Great Powers through modern history==
| |||