Utente:Marrabbio2/Pesci: differenze tra le versioni

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Riga 348:
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| colspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#ddf8f8;"| [[DevonianDevoniano]] (419–359 mya): The start of Devonian saw the first appearance of [[lobe-finned fish]], precursors to the [[tetrapod]]s (animals with four limbs). Major groups of fish evolved during this period, often referred to as the '''age of fishes'''.{{r|AOF}} See [[:Category:Devonian fish]].
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! rowspan=18 style="background:{{period color|devonian}}"#CD9C50 | <center>'''[[DevonianDevoniano|D<br>e<br>v<br>o<br>n<br>i<br>a<br>n<br>o]]'''</center>
| rowspan=6 style="background:{{period color|emsian}}"#FFC060 | <center>[[EarlyDevoniano Devonian|Early<br />Devonianinferiore]]</center>
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#ddf8f8;"| [[EarlyDevoniano Devonianinferiore]] (419–393 Ma):
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| [[File:Psarolepis BW.jpg|140px]]
Riga 376:
| ''[[Laccognathus]]'' ''(pitted jaw)'' was a genus of [[amphibious fish|amphibious]] lobe-finned fish that existed 398–360 Ma.<ref name="ngs">{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/09/110912-ancient-fish-arctic-predator-devonian-fossils-animals-science/|title=Ancient Toothy Fish Found in Arctic—Giant Prowled Rivers|author=[[Christine Dell'Amore|Dell'Amore, C.]]|date=September 12, 2011|publisher=[[National Geographic Society|National Geographic]] Daily News|accessdate=September 13, 2011}}</ref> They were characterized by the three large pits (fossae) on the external surface of the lower jaw which may have had sensory functions.<ref name="avril">{{cite web|url=http://articles.philly.com/2011-09-12/news/30145487_1_tiktaalik-roseae-ted-daeschler/2|title=Fish fossil sheds light on 'Euramerica' phase|author=Tom Avril|date=September 12, 2011|publisher=The Inquirer|accessdate=September 15, 2011}}</ref> ''Laccognathus'' grew to {{convert|1|-|2|m|ft|0}} in length. They had very short dorsoventrally flattened heads, less than one-fifth the length of the body.<ref name="vorobyeva">{{cite journal|author=[[Emiliya Ivanovna Vorobyeva|Vorobyeva, E.I.]]|year=2006|title=A new species of ''Laccognathus'' (Porolepiform Crossopterygii) from the Devonian of Latvia |journal=[[Paleontological Journal|Palaeont. J.]]|volume=40|issue=3|pages=312&ndash;322|publisher=Physorg.com|doi=10.1134/S0031030106030129}}</ref> The skeleton was structured so large areas of skin were stretched over solid plates of bone. This bone was composed of particularly dense fibers – so dense that exchange of oxygen through the skin was unlikely. Rather, the dense [[ossification]]s served to retain water inside the body as ''Laccognathus'' traveled on land between bodies of water.<ref name = "witzmann">{{cite journal|author=[[Florian Witzman|Witzman, F.]]|journal=[[Paleodiversity]]|volume=31|issue=5|pages=981–996|year=2011|publisher=The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology|title=A New Species of ''Laccognathus'' (Sarcopterygii, Porolepiformes) from the Late Devonian of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada}}</ref>
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| rowspan=7 style="background:{{period color|givetian}}"#FFD090 | <center>[[MiddleDevoniano Devonian|Middle<br />Devonianmedio]]</center>
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#ddf8f8;"| [[MiddleDevoniano Devonianmedio]] (393–383397–385 Ma): [[Chondrichthyes|Cartilaginous fishes]], consisting of [[shark]]s, [[Batoidea|rays]] and [[chimaera]]s, appeared about 395 Ma.
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| [[File:Dipterus valenciennesi1.jpg|140px]]
Riga 406:
| colspan="3" style="line-height:16px; background:#dddddd;"| <small>[[Late Devonian extinction]]: 375–360 Ma. A prolonged series of extinctions eliminated about 19% of all families, 50% of all genera{{r|Baez2006}} and 70% of all species. This extinction event lasted perhaps as long as 20 Ma, and there is evidence for a series of extinction pulses within this period.</small>
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| rowspan=5 style="background:{{period color|famennian}}"#FFE0B0 | <center>[[LateDevoniano Devonian|Late<br />Devoniansuperiore]]</center>
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#ddf8f8;"| [[LateDevoniano Devoniansuperiore]] (383–359 Ma):
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| [[File:Dunkleosteus interm1DB.jpg|140px]]