Complications are less frequent in comparison to a [[cervical conization|cold knife conization]], but can include [[infection]] and [[hemorrhage]]. Damage to the cervical [[stroma (animal tissue)|stroma]] may lead to cervical stenosis or [[cervical incompetence|incompetence]]. A Thestudy with surveys to patients has indicated that the LEEP does not appear to affect [[fertility]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Turlington WT, Wright BD, Powell JL |title=Impact of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure on future fertility |journal=J Reprod Med |volume=41 |issue=11 |pages=815–8 |year=1996 |month=November |pmid=8951130 }}</ref> On the other hand, a [[case-control study]] has found an association between surgical treatment of CIN lesions and risk of [[female infertility|infertility]] or subfertility, with an odds ratio of approximately 2.<ref>{{cite pmid|23489374}}</ref> Scarring of the cervix can,is however,a leadtheoretical tomechanism of causing trouble conceiving. This scar tissue can be massaged or broken up in a number of ways, thus allowing the cervical opening to dilate back to normal size. However, a study in 2007 indicated that LEEP appears to increase the risk of [[premature rupture of the membranes]] during subsequent pregnancies which may lead to preterm delivery.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://women.webmd.com/news/20040504/cervix-treatment-may-endanger-pregnancy-later|title=Cervix Treatment May Endanger Pregnancy Later 'Watch and Wait' or Laser Are Often Best Options for Cervical Dysplasia |accessdate=2007-12-28 |last=Davis |first=Jeanie L. }}</ref>
