Networking and Information Technology Research and Development: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:21, 23 December 2013

Revision as of 15:32, 23 December 2013

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* '''High-confidence software and systems'''. Priorities include: Developing the science and technology for building cyber-physical systems (CPS); Management of complex and autonomous systems; Development of assurance technology; Improving the quality of high-confidence real-time software and systems:', together with the improving CPS education to develop a new generation of U.S. experts

* '''High-end computing infrastructure and applications'''. Further development includes the advancement of high-end computing applications, development of leading-edge cyber infrastructure, providing access to facilities and resources, enhancing infrastructure for computational and data-enabled science, and share best management practices.

* '''High-end computing research and development'''. Rapid increase in high-end computing capabilities are expected, which creates challenges for developing applications and system architectures that effectively utilize billion-fold concurrency, reducing the energy per computation by orders of magnitude, achieving system resilience at extreme scales, and enabling future revolutions in simulation and big-data-enabled science and technology. Some 2013 priorities were improving extreme-scale computation devising new directions in HEC hardware, software and system architectures, and Developing developing architectures, and prototypes to take computing power and communications “beyond [[Moore’s Law]];” and enhancing productivity of dispersed collaborative teams.

* '''Human-computer interaction and information management'''. The US government generates and maintains large digital collections of science and engineering data, historical records, health information, and scientific and other types of archival literature. New research and advances are needed in: Developing information standards improving decision-support systems, information management systems, information infrastructure, preservation and accessibility of electronic records. It also involves the development of active systems including [[cognitive robotics]], and multimodal systems.

* '''Large-scale networking'''. This includes the measurement, management, and control of large-scale distributed infrastructures, improving operational capabilities for identity management, [[Internet Protocol version 6]] implementation, [[cloud computing]], and data flows, promoting cooperation among network testbeds including [[Global Environment for Network Innovations]] (GENI), [[Ethernet#Advanced networking|Advanced Networking]] Initiatives (ANI), Magellan Phase 2, and further development of dynamic optical networking.

* '''Social, economic, and workforce implications'''. This working group focuses on the co-evolution of ITinformation technology and social, economic, and workforce systems including interactions between people and IT and among people developing and using IT in groups and networks. One key area is the science of collaboration, including IT-enabled innovation ecology, integrated multidisciplinary research, and putting humans in the loop by improving the coupled relationships between people and computing. Another key area is IT and education, including [[Cyber Learning]], increasing computational competencies, and broadening interest and participation in 21st Century IT careers, including information assurance and computer security.

* '''Software design and productivity'''. Priorities are defining the core elements for software development to make engineering decisions and modifications transparent and traceable throughout the [[software lifecycle]] (e.g., design, development, evolution, and sustainment). A key goal is to enable software engineers to maintain and evolve complex systems cost-effectively and correctly long after the original developers have departed. One area of research priorities is rethinking software design, including foundational/core research on science and engineering of software, Next-generation software concepts, and capabilities for evolvable, sustainable, long-lived software-intensive systems. Another is the predictable, timely, cost-effective development of software-intensive systems: including software application interoperability, and cost and productivity issues for safety-critical, embedded, and autonomous systems.

Other '''senior steering groups''' focus on emerging issues and are not required to report budgetary information to the NITRD program. They offer a means of collaboration for individuals with a senior level of authority who do not participate in the program component area working groups.

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== Participating agencies ==

The following federal agencies report their IT research budgets in the NITRD "crosscut" and provide proportional funding to support the NITRD's operations:

* [[National Institute of Standards and Technology]] (NIST) in the Department of Commerce

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== History and legal background ==

NITRD started in 1991 with the [[High Performance Computing Act of 1991]] (P.L. 102-194),<ref>[http://www.nitrd.gov/congressional/laws/102-194.pdf High- Performance Computing Act of 1991 (P.L. 102-194)]</ref> and was changed by the Next Generation Internet Research Act of 1998 (P.L. 105-305),<ref>[http://www.nitrd.gov/congressional/laws/105-305.pdf Next Generation Internet Research Act of 1998 (P.L. 105-305)]</ref> and the [[America COMPETES Act#America COMPETES Act of 2007|America COMPETES Act of 2007]] (P.L.110-69),<ref>(CreatingOpportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science) [http://www.nitrd.gov/congressional/laws/110-69.pdf COMPETES Act of 2007 (P.L.110-69)] (standing for Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science</ref> NITRD currently provides a framework and mechanisms forto coordinationcoordinate among 15 Federal agencies that support advanced IT R&D and report IT research budgets in the "NITRD crosscut." Individuals Manyfrom other agencies with IT interests also participate informally.

The NITRD program had an invitation-only symposium in [[Washington, DC]], in February 2012. Former Vice President [[Al Gore]], who sponsored the [[High- Performance Computing Act of 1991]], was promoted as a speaker.<ref>{{Cite web |title= The Impact of NITRD: Two Decades of Game-Changing Breakthroughs in Network and Information |url= http://cra.org/ccc/nitrdsymposium_intro.php |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20120210125338/http://www.cra.org/ccc/nitrdsymposium_intro.php |archivedate= February 10, 2012}}</ref>

==Coordination ==

== Coordination ==

NITRD's National Coordination Office (NCO) supports NITRD's planning, budget, and assessment activities. The NCO also supports the NITRD Subcommittee, which coordinates the NITRD Program, and the organizations that report to the Subcommittee.<ref>http://www.nitrd.gov/About/about_nco.aspx</ref> The NCO's director is appointed by the Director of the White House [[Office of Science and Technology Policy]].

The NCO works with the NITRD agencies, IWGs, CGs and the White House [[Office of Management and Budget]] to prepare, publish, and disseminate the Program's annual supplement to the President's Budget, Federal networking and IT R&D plans, and networking and IT research needs reports.

The NCO provides technical support for the activities of the Networking and Information Technology Subcommittee of the [[President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology]], a panel of experts from industry and academia, in assessing the NITRD Program and preparing associated reports.

The NCO maintains the NITRD Web site - http://www.nitrd.gov - which contains information about the Program and electronic versions of NITRD documents