Data validation and reconciliation: Difference between revisions

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File:topological_red.jpg|Topological redundancy arising from model information, using the mass conservation constraint <math style="vertical-align:-10%;">a=b+c\,\!</math>, for example one can calculate <math style="vertical-align:-0%;">c\,\!</math>, when <math style="vertical-align:-0%;">a\,\!</math> and <math style="vertical-align:-0%;">b\,\!</math> are known.

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Data reconciliation relies strongly on the concept of redundancy to correct the measurements as little as possible in order to satisfy the process constraints. Here, redundancy is defined differently thanfrom [[Redundancy (information theory)|redundancy in information theory]]. Instead, redundancy arises from combining sensor data with the model (algebraic constraints), sometimes more specifically called "spatial redundancy",<ref name="Stanley-Mah-1977"/> "analytical redundancy", or "topological redundancy".

Redundancy can be due to [[redundancy (engineering)|sensor redundancy]], where sensors are duplicated in order to have more than one measurement of the same quantity. Redundancy also arises when a single variable can be estimated in several independent ways from separate sets of measurements at a given time or time averaging period, using the algebraic constraints.