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==History==
[[File:Ryukyu-han seal.png|thumb|Official seal of the Ryukyu Domain.]]
In 1609, the [[invasion of Ryukyu]] caused a change in the relationship of the island nation and Japan.<ref>[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]. (2005). "Ryukyu Islands" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 801|page=801}}; Fassbender, Bardo ''et al.'' (2012). [http://books.google.com/books?id=PI9nw2tQu4IC&pg=PA483&dq=province+of+ryukyu&hl=en&sa=X&ei=FxBLUZHrEIXH4APPrYD4Bg&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=province%20of%20ryukyu&f=false ''The Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law,'' p. 483]; excerpt, "The status of Ryukyu is ambiguous when looked at from the perspective of modern European international law, although there appears to have been no serious issues concerning the status of Ryukyu at that time."</ref> After 1609, the Ryukyuan kings were forced to be [[vassal]]s of the [[Shimazu clan]] of [[Satsuma Province|Satsuma]] and the islands were occasionally viewed as a [[Provinces of Japan|province of Japan]].<ref>Toby, Ronald P. (1991). [http://books.google.com/books?id=2hK7tczn2QoC&pg=PA46&dq= ''State and Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan: Asia and the development of the Tokugawa bakufu,'' pp. 45-46], citing manuscripts at the [[Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo]]; excerpt, "Ieyasu granted the Shimazu clan the right to "rule" over Ryukyu ... [and] contemporary Japanese even referred to the Shimazu clan as 'lords of four provinces', which could only mean that they were including the Ryukyuan kingdom in their calculations. However, this does not mean that Ryukyu ceased to be a foreign country or that relations between Naha and Edo ceased thereby to be foreign relations."</ref> At the same time, the kingdom and its rulers remained carefully independent, and also paid tribute to China.<ref>Smits, Gregory. (1999). [http://books.google.com/books?id=37LxVhgIbJkC&pg=PA28#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Visions of Ryukyu: Identity and Ideology in Early-Modern Thought and Politics,'' p. 28].</ref>
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