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[[TerraLib]] is an open-source GIS software that extends object-relational DBMS technology to handle spatio-temporal data types; while main focus is on vector data, there is also some support for rasters.
Starting with version 2.0, [[Postgis|PostGIS]] embeds raster support for 2-D rasters; a special function offers declarative raster query functionality.
[[SciQL]] is an array query language being added to the [[MonetDB]] DBMS. [[Michael_Stonebraker#SciDB|SciDB]] is a more recent initiative to establish array database support. Like SciQL, arrays are seen as an equivalent to tables, rather than a new attribute type as in rasdaman and PostGIS.
For the special case of [[Sparse matrix|sparse data]], [[OLAP]] data cubes are well established; they store cell values together with their ___location - an adequate compression technique in face of the few locations carrying valid information at all - and operate with SQL on them.
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