Retroscripting: Difference between revisions

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A retroscripted [[Screenplay|script]] contains a [[Plot (narrative)|plot]] outline and leaves dialogue deliberately vague for interpretation by the actors through [[Improvisational theatre|improvisation]].<ref name="Cheryl">{{cite web|author=7 Comments |url=http://www.5minutesformom.com/22145/podcast-with-cheryl-hines/ |title=Janice ( May 21 2010) "Chatting with Cheryl Hines", 5 Minutes for Mom.com |publisher=5minutesformom.com |date=2010-05-21 |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref> It gives [[Realism (dramatic arts)|realism]] and [[characterization]] to dialogue, and is regularly employed in the [[improvised situation comedy]] genre. In this respect it is very similar to the historical medium of ''[[Commedia dell'arte]]''.
 
Contemporary examples of television shows using this technique are ''[[Home Movies (TV series)|Home Movies]]'', ''[[The League]]'', ''[[10 Items or Less (TV series)|10 Items or Less]]'', ''[[Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist]]'', ''[[Aqua Teen Hunger Force]]'', ''[[Curb Your Enthusiasm]]'',<ref name="Cheryl"/> ''[[Trailer Park Boys]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inmovies.ca/tpb2/tpb2_interview.htm |title=Kirk Hooper, "Trailer Park Boys Interview" |publisher=Inmovies.ca |date=1912-04-15 |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref> ''[[Reno 911!]]'',<ref>[http://www.avclub.com/articles/ben-garant-and-tom-lennon-of-reno-911,14064 Kyle Ryan, "Interview: Ben Garant and Tom Lennon of ''Reno 911!''" (February 21, 2007) ''The Onion'']</ref> ''[[Summer Heights High]]'', ''[[Outsider's Inn]]'', ''[[Rick and Morty]] as well as films by [[Christopher Guest]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Peter Canavese |url=http://www.grouchoreviews.com/interviews/191 |title="Christopher Guest & Eugene Levy—For Your Consideration—11/10/06" (2006) '&#39;Groucho Reviews'&#39; |publisher=Grouchoreviews.com |date= |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref>
 
Some other films that have contained retroscripted segments are ''[[Friday Night Lights (film)|Friday Night Lights]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theenvelope.latimes.com/env-cover-3-30may30,0,516856.story |title=Deborah Netburn, "Emmy Awards: 'Friday Night Lights', The free spirit" (May 30, 2007) '&#39;Los Angeles Times'&#39; |publisher=Theenvelope.latimes.com |date= |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref>'', ''[[The Blair Witch Project]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kaos2000.net/interviews/heatherdonohue/heatherdonohue.html |title=Heather Donohue "Blair Witch Project" (August 14, 1999) '&#39;KAOS2000'&#39; |publisher=Kaos2000.net |date=1999-08-14 |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref> ''[[Paranormal Activity]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://heatvision.hollywoodreporter.com/2009/10/qa-paranormal-activity-star-katie-featherston.html |title=Jay Fernandez, "Things that go bump include pay" (Oct 26, 2009) '&#39;The Hollywood Reporter'&#39; |publisher=Heatvision.hollywoodreporter.com |date=2014-04-25 |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref> ''[[District 9]]<ref>[http://www.ecr.co.za/kagiso/content/en/east-coast-radio/east-coast-radio-news?oid=374781&sn=Detail&pid=5884&District-9-wows-audiences "District 9 wows audiences" (1 September 2009) East Coast Radio, Durban, South Africa]{{dead link|date=April 2014}}</ref>'' and some of the films of [[Robert Altman]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digitalcontentproducer.com/mil/features/video_filmic_hd/ |title=Michael Goldman (Aug 26, 2006) "Robert Altman: Filmic HD," Digital Content Producer |publisher=Digitalcontentproducer.com |date= |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref> who was known as an actor's director and referred to a screenplay as merely a "blueprint" for the action.<ref>Jan Stuart (2003) ''The Nashville Chronicles: The Making of Robert Altman's Masterpiece'', Limelight Editions, ISBN 0-87910-981-5, Reviewed by Bill Chambers, A Film Freak Central Book Review [http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/moviebooks/nashvillechronicles.htm]</ref> The director John Cassavetes, sometimes known as the "father" of independent film, used retroscripting most notably for his films [[Husbands (film)|''Husbands'']] (1970) and [[Faces (film)|''Faces'']] (1968), although he employed the technique to some degree in most of his films.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/Directors-Bu-Co/Cassavetes-John.html |title="Cassavettes, John", Film Reference |publisher=Filmreference.com |date= |accessdate=2014-04-29}}</ref> British director [[Mike Leigh]] is known for his method of extensive improvisation with his actors to develop characters and dialogue around a premise. [[Stanley Kubrick]] employed retroscripting in his film ''[[Dr. Strangelove]]'', incorporating [[Peter Sellers]]' [[ad-lib]]bed lines into the script.