Utente:Skyfall/Sandbox: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 20:40, 12 nov 2013

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Riga 1:

{{F|archeologia|gennaio 2012}}

{{S|Mesopotamia}}

{{Infobox artifact

| name = Stele degli avvoltoi

Riga 19 ⟶ 17:

==La scoperta==

I primi tre frammenti furono ritrovati durante degli scavi a [[Girsu|Telloh]] (l'antica Girsu) nel sud dell'[[Iraq]] nel 1881 dall'archeologo francese [[:en:Ernest de Sarzec|Ernest de Sarzec]]. Altri tre frammenti emersero durante gli scavi del 1888-1889. Un settimo frammento che più tardi fu riconosciuto come parte della stele su acquistato sul mercato delle antichità dal [[British Museum]] nel 1898 e, dopo due rifiuti, definitivamente consegnato al [[Musée du Louvre|Louvre]] nel 1932 al fine di ricostituire la massima parte possibile della stele<ref nome=barrelet>{{cita news | cognome=Barrelet |nome=Marie-Thérèse |anno=1970 |titolo=Peut-On Remettre en Question la "Restitution Matérielle de la Stèle des Vautours"? |journalpubblicazione=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |volume=29 |numero=4 |pagine=233–258 |jstor=543336 |lingua=Frenchfrancese }}</ref>.

==La stele==

Il monumento completo, come é stato ricostruito ed esposto al Louvre, dovrebbe essere alto 1.80 m, largo 1.30 m, spesso 1.30m, con la cima arrotondata. Era costituito da un'unico blocco di [[calcare]] con rilievi scolpiti da entrambi i lati<ref name=winter>{{cita libro |cognome=Winter |nome=Irene J. |editore1=Herbert L.Kessler |editore2=Marianna Shreve Simpson |titolo=Pictorial Narrative in Antiquity and the Middle Ages |serie=Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, Symposium Series IV |volume=16 |anno=1985 |publisher=National Gallery of Art |___location=Washington DC |issn=0091-7338 |pages=11–32 |chapter=After the Battle is Over: The 'Stele of the Vultures' and the Beginning of Historical Narrative in the Art of the Ancient Near East }}</ref>.

TheLa stele canpuò beessere placedconsiderata inpropria adell'usanza traditiontra ofla mid-metà toe late-thirdla millenniumfine BCdel southernterzo millennio a.C. in [[Mesopotamia]] indi whichcelebrare militaryle victoriesvittorie aremilitari celebratedcon onmonumenti stonein monumentspietra. AUn similarmonumento monumentsimile isé thela Victorystele Steledella ofvittoria di [[Naram-Sin of Akkad|Naram-Sin]], createdrealizzata duringdurante thecreated [[Akkadianimpero EmpireAkkadiano|Akkadianperiodo periodAkkadiano]], thatsuccessivo followedal onperiodo the Early Dynasticprotodinastico III period.<ref>{{citecita booklibro |titletitolo=Ancient Mesopotamia. The Eden that Never Was |lastcognome=Pollock |firstnome=Susan |yearanno=1999 |publishereditore=Cambridge University Press |___locationcittà=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-57568-3 |seriesserie=Case Studies in Early Societies |pagepagepagina=181}}</ref>.

The stele can be placed in a tradition of mid- to late-third millennium BC southern [[Mesopotamia]] in which military victories are celebrated on stone monuments. A similar monument is the Victory Stele of [[Naram-Sin of Akkad|Naram-Sin]], created during the [[Akkadian Empire|Akkadian period]] that followed on the Early Dynastic III period.<ref>{{cite book |title=Ancient Mesopotamia. The Eden that Never Was |last=Pollock |first=Susan |year=1999 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |___location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-57568-3 |series=Case Studies in Early Societies |page=181}}</ref>

The two sides of the stele show distinctly different scenes and have therefore been interpreted as a mythological side and a historical side. The mythological side is divided into two registers. The upper, larger register shows a large male figure holding a mace in his right hand and an ''[[Zu (mythology)|anzu]]'' or lion-headed eagle in his left hand. The ''anzu'' identifies the figure as the god [[Ninurta|Ningirsu]]. Below the ''anzu'' is a large net filled with the bodies of naked men. Behind Ningirsu stands a smaller female figure wearing a horned headband and with maces protruding from her shoulders. These characteristics allow the figure to be identified as the goddess [[Ninhursag]]. The lower, smaller register is very badly preserved but, based on comparisons with contemporary depictions, it has been suggested that it depicted the god Ningirsu standing on a chariot drawn by mythological animals.<ref name=winter/>