Integration using Euler's formula: Difference between revisions

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==Euler's formula==
Euler's formula states that
:<math>e^{ix} = \cos x + i\,\sin x.</math>
 
Substituting &minus;''x'' for ''x'' gives the equation
:<math>e^{-ix} = \cos x - i\,\sin x.</math>
These two equations can be solved for the sine and cosine:
:<math>\cos x = \frac{e^{ix} + e^{-ix}}{2}\quad\text{and}\quad\sin x = \frac{e^{ix}-e^{-ix}}{2i}.</math>