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Egsan Bacon (talk | contribs) Repairing links to disambiguation pages - You can help! |
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The '''encoding specificity principle''' provides a framework for understanding how contextual information affects [[memory]] and [[Recollection|recall]].<ref name=Tulving>{{cite journal|last=Tulving|first=Endel|author2=Donald Thomson|title=Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory|journal=Psychological Review|year=1973|volume=80|issue=5|pages=352–373|doi=10.1037/h0020071}}</ref> The principle, proposed by researchers Thomson and [[Tulving]], states that memory is most effective when information available at [[Encoding (memory)|encoding]] is also present at [[Retrieval cue|retrieval]]. The principle explains why a subject is able to recall a target word as part of an unrelated word pair at retrieval with much more accuracy when prompted with the unrelated word than if presented with a semantically related word that was not available during encoding.<ref name="Semantics revisited">{{cite journal|last=Hannon|first=Brenda|author2=Fergus Craik|title=Encoding specificity revisited: The role of semantics|journal=Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology|year=2001|volume=55|issue=3|pages=231–243|doi=10.1037/h0087369}}</ref> In addition, people benefit equally from a weakly related cue word as from a strongly related cue word during a recall task, provided the weakly related word was present at encoding.<ref name="Alzheimers RI-48">{{cite journal|last=Adam|first=S.|coauthors=M. Van der Linden, A Ivanoiu, A.-C. Juillerat,S. Bechet, E. Salmon|title=Optimization of encoding specificity for the diagnosis of early AD: The RI-48 task|journal=Journal of Clinical and Experimental neuropsychology|year=2007|volume=29|issue=5|pages=477–487|doi=10.1080/13803390600775339}}</ref> Specific encoding operations determine what is to be stored, which in turn verifies which retrieval cues are effective in providing access to that which was stored.<ref name=Tulving />
==Specific Results==
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