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If the 2 bits after the sign bit are "00", "01", or "10", then the exponent field consists of the 10 bits following the sign bit, and the significand is the remaining 53 bits, with an implicit leading 0 bit:
s 00eeeeeeee [(0)ttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt]
s 01eeeeeeee [(0)ttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt]
s 10eeeeeeee [(0)ttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt][tttttttt]
This includes [[subnormal numbers]] where the leading significand digit is 0.
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If the 4 bits after the sign bit are "1100", "1101", or "1110", then the 10-bit exponent field is shifted 2 bits to the right (after both the sign bit and the "11" bits thereafter), and the represented significand is in the remaining 51 bits. In this case there is an implicit (that is, not stored) leading 3-bit sequence "100" for the most bits of the true significand (in the remaining lower bits ''xttt...ttt'' of the significand, not all possible values are used).
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The 2-bit sequence "11" after the sign bit indicates that there is an ''implicit'' 3-bit prefix "100" to the significand. Compare having an implicit 1-bit prefix "1" in the significand of normal values for the binary formats. Note also that the 2-bit sequences "00", "01", or "10" after the sgn bit are part of the exponent field.
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