Modality (human–computer interaction): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 22:25, 21 April 2015

Revision as of 22:31, 21 April 2015

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{{distinguish|Mode (computer interface)}}

{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}

In the context of [[human–computer interaction]], a '''modality''' is the classification of a single independent channel of sensory [[input/output]] between a computer and a human.<ref name="HCI OverviewOverview2">{{cite journal|last1 = Karray|first1 = Fakhreddine|last2 = Alemzadeh|first2 = Milad|last3 = Saleh|first3 = Jamil Abou|last4 = Arab|first4 = Mo Nours|title = Human-Computer Interaction: Overview on State of the Art|journal = International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems|date = March 2008|volume = 1|issue = 1|url = http://www.s2is.org/issues/v1/n1/papers/paper9.pdf|accessdate = April 21, 2015}}</ref>

A system is designated unimodel if it has only one modality implemented, and multimodel if it has more than one.<ref name ="HCI OverviewOverview2" /> When multiple modalities are available for some tasks or partsaspects of tasksa task, the system is said to have overlapping modalities. WhenIf multiple modalities are available for alla taskstask, the system is said to have redundant modalities.{{Citation needed|date=April 2014}}

Multiple modalities can be used in combination to provide complimentary methods that may be redundant but convey information more effectively.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Interactive Systems. Design, Specification, and Verification|last = Palanque|first = Philippe|publisher = Springer Science & Business Media|year = 2001|isbn = 9783540416630|___location = |pages = 43|last2 = Paterno|first2 = Fabio|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RddIwyhAvDAC&dq=}}</ref> Modalities can be generally defined in two forms: human-computer and computer-human modalities.

Modalities can be generally defined in two forms: human-computer and computer-human modalities.

==Computer–Human Modalities==

Any human sense can used as a computer to human modality. The following are examples of modalities and their implementations through which a computer could send information to a human:

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* [[Multimodal interaction]]

* [[User-interface]]

* [[Multisensory integration]]

* [[Interactive Multimodal Information Management (IM)2|NCCR IM2: Swiss project on Multimodal interaction]]