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{{main|History of experiments}}
The oldest controlled experiments appears to have been suggested in the Old Testament's Book of Daniel. King Nebuchadnezzar proposed the following controlled experiment to assess a vegetarian diet: "Test your servants for ten days. Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink. Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see” (Daniel 1, 12– 13)<ref>{{cite book
| last = Angrist
| first = Joshua
| author2 = Pischke Jörn-Steffen
| title = Mastering 'Metrics: The Path from Cause to Effect
| publisher = Princeton University Press
| year = 2014
| page = 31
}}</ref>.
Randomized experiments were institutionalized in psychology and education in the late eighteen-hundreds, following the invention of randomized experiments by [[Charles Sanders Peirce|C. S. Peirce]].<ref>{{cite journal| author=[[Charles Sanders Peirce]] and [[Joseph Jastrow]]|year=1885|title=On Small Differences in Sensation| journal=Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=3|pages=73–83|url=http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Peirce/small-diffs.htm}} http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Peirce/small-diffs.htm</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1086/354775|first=Ian |last=Hacking| authorlink=Ian Hacking | title=Telepathy: Origins of Randomization in Experimental Design|journal=[[Isis (journal)|Isis]]|issue=3|volume=79|date=September 1988 |pages=427–451| mr = 1013489| jstor=234674}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1086/444032|author=[[Stephen M. Stigler]]|title=A Historical View of Statistical Concepts in Psychology and Educational Research| journal=American Journal of Education| volume=101|issue=1|date=November 1992|pages=60–70}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1086/383850|author=Trudy Dehue|title=Deception, Efficiency, and Random Groups: Psychology and the Gradual Origination of the Random Group Design|journal=[[Isis (journal)|Isis]]|volume=88|issue=4|date=December 1997|pages=653–673|pmid=9519574}}</ref>
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