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{{lead rewrite|date=June 2015}}
{{technical|date=June 2015}}[[Cryptography]] is the art and science of secret writing; the task of transmitting secret messages through insecure channels in a manner such that no one but the intended recipient can read the transmitted message. In the 20th century, [[cryptography]] has become the subject of intense interest by governments, companies, and individuals eager to send and receive secret messages over vast communications networks spanning the globe. It involves the mathematics of taking computer generated bit streams which encode information and transforming them using a computer algorithm and a [[secret key]] into encrypted information. The encrypted information is sent over a communications channel to an intended recipient. If the intended recipient has the same secret key and the same computer algorithm, they can transform the encrypted information back into it's original state (plaintext). This article is about one way a sender of information and its intended recipient can produce a shared secret, that is, a secret that only they know.
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