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The '''FN P90''' is a [[personal defense weapon]] (PDW) designed and manufactured by [[FN Herstal]] in Belgium.<ref name="miller2001">{{cite book |first=David |last=Miller |year=2001 |title=The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns |publisher=Salamander Books Ltd. |___location=London |isbn=9781840652451}}</ref> Created in response to [[NATO]] requests for a replacement for [[9×19mm Parabellum]] firearms, the P90 was designed as a compact but powerful firearm for vehicle crews, operators of crew-served weapons, support personnel, [[special forces]] and [[counter-terrorist]] groups.<ref name="miller2001" /><ref name="oliver2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |title=In the Line of Fire |author=Oliver, David |year=2007 |publisher=Global Defence Review |accessdate=October 19, 2009 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061016074936/www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |archivedate=October 16, 2006}}</ref>

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{{Infobox weapon

| name = P90

| image = [[Image:FN-P90 2.jpg|300px |alt=Photo of the P90 LV / IR model with an empty magazine in the weapon]]

| caption = ''P90 LV / IR'' model with empty [[magazine (firearm)|magazine]]

| origin = Belgium

| type = [[Personal defense weapon]]

<!-- Type selection -->

| is_ranged = yes

<!-- Service history -->

| service = 1991–present <ref name="diez2000"/>

| used_by = 40+ nations (see ''[[FN P90#Users|Users]]'')

| wars =

* [[Gulf War]] <ref name="diez2000"/>

* [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan War]]

* [[Iraq War]]

* [[Mexican Drug War]] <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/157095.html |title=Armas del Ejército de EU, en narco mexicano |language=Spanish |date=January 19, 2008 |author=Otero, Silvia |publisher=''[[El Universal (Mexico City)|El Universal]]'' |accessdate=November 18, 2011}}</ref>

* [[Libyan civil war]] <ref name="deredactie"/>

<!-- Production history -->

| designer =

| design_date = 1986–90 <ref name="diez2000"/>

| manufacturer = [[FN Herstal]]

| unit_cost =

| production_date = 1990–present <ref name="arsmechanica08"/>

| number =

| variants = See ''[[#Variants|Variants]]'':

* '''P90''' (''P90 TR'', ''P90 USG'', ''P90 LV'', ''P90 TR LV'', ''P90 USG IR'')

* '''PS90''' (''PS90 TR'', ''PS90 USG'')

<!-- General specifications -->

| spec_label =

| weight =

* {{convert|2.6|kg|abbr=on}} (''P90'') <ref name="FNH P90">{{cite web|title=The P90 Series|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/l/products/military/tactical/p90-series/p90-standard/|publisher=FNH USA|accessdate=20 December 2012}}</ref>

* {{convert|2.85|kg|abbr=on}} (''PS90'') <ref name="FNH PS90">{{cite web|title=The PS90 Series|url=http://www.fnhusa.com/l/products/commercial/carbines/ps90-standard/|publisher=FNH USA|accessdate=20 December 2012}}</ref>

| length =

* {{convert|50.5|cm|abbr=on}} (''P90'')<ref name="FNH P90"/>

* {{convert|66.6|cm|abbr=on}} (''PS90'')<ref name="FNH PS90"/>

| part_length =

* {{convert|26.4|cm|abbr=on}} (''P90'')<ref name="FNH P90"/>

* {{convert|40.7|cm|abbr=on}} (''PS90'')<ref name="FNH PS90"/>

| width = {{convert|5.5|cm|abbr=on}} <ref name="jones2009"/>

| height = {{convert|21|cm|abbr=on}} <ref name="jones2009"/>

<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->

| cartridge = [[FN 5.7×28mm]] <ref name="fnhusap90"/>

| action = [[Blowback (arms)|Straight blowback]], [[closed bolt]] <ref name="fnhusap90"/>

| rate = 900 RPM (rounds per minute) <ref name="jones2009"/>

| velocity = {{convert|715|m/s|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>

| range = {{convert|200|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>

| max_range = {{convert|1800|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="jones2009"/>

| feed = 50-round detachable box [[Magazine (firearm)|magazine]] <ref name="fnhusap90"/>

| sights = [[Tritium]]-illuminated [[Red dot sight|reflex sight]], back-up [[iron sight]]s <ref name="jones2009"/>

}}

The '''FN P90''' is a [[personal defense weapon]] (PDW) designed and manufactured by [[FN Herstal]] in Belgium.<ref name="miller2001">{{cite book |first=David |last=Miller |year=2001 |title=The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns |publisher=Salamander Books Ltd. |___location=London |isbn=9781840652451}}</ref> Created in response to [[NATO]] requests for a replacement for [[9×19mm Parabellum]] firearms, the P90 was designed as a compact but powerful firearm for vehicle crews, operators of crew-served weapons, support personnel, [[special forces]] and [[counter-terrorist]] groups.<ref name="miller2001"/><ref name="oliver2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |title=In the Line of Fire |author=Oliver, David |year=2007 |publisher=Global Defence Review |accessdate=October 19, 2009 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061016074936/www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |archivedate=October 16, 2006}}</ref>

Designed by FN in conjunction with the [[FN Five-seven]] pistol and [[FN 5.7×28mm]] ammunition,<ref name="arsmechanica08"/> development of the weapon began in 1986, and production commenced in 1990 (from which the "90" in its name is derived<ref name="arsmechanica08">{{cite book |editor1-first=Auguste |editor1-last=Francotte |editor2-first=Gaier |editor2-last=Claude |editor3-first=Karlshausen |editor3-last=Robert |title=Ars Mechanica – The Ultimate FN Book |date=January 2008 |publisher=Herstal Group |___location=Vottem |isbn=9782874158773}}</ref>), whereupon the 5.7×28mm ammunition was redesigned and shortened.<ref name="diez2000">{{cite book |first=Octavio |last=Díez |year=2000 |title=Armament and Technology: Handguns |publisher=Lema Publications, S.L. |___location=Barcelona |isbn=9788484630135}}</ref> A modified version of the P90 with a magazine adapted to use the new ammunition was introduced in 1993, and the Five-seven pistol was subsequently introduced as a companion weapon using the same 5.7×28mm ammunition.<ref name="gunzonetimeline1990">{{cite web |url=http://www.thegunzone.com/556dw-10.html |title=The 5.56 × 45mm Timeline: 1990–1994 |author=Watters, Daniel E. |publisher=The Gun Zone |accessdate=December 23, 2009}}</ref>

Riga 78 ⟶ 23:

=== NATO evaluation ===

In 2002 and 2003, NATO conducted a series of tests with the intention of standardizing a PDW cartridge as a replacement for the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge.<ref name="oliver2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |title=In the Line of Fire |author=Oliver, David |year=2007 |publisher=Global Defence Review |accessdate=October 19, 2009 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061016074936/http://www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |archivedate=October 16, 2006}}</ref> The tests compared the relative merits of the FN 5.7×28mm cartridge and the [[HK 4.6×30mm]] cartridge, which was created by German small arms manufacturer [[Heckler & Koch]] as a competitor to the 5.7×28mm.<ref name="oliver2007" /> The results of the NATO tests were analyzed by a group formed of experts from Canada, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and the group's conclusion was that the 5.7×28mm was "undoubtedly" the more efficient cartridge.<ref name="oliver2007" /> However, the German delegation and others rejected the NATO recommendation that 5.7×28mm be standardized, halting the standardization process indefinitely.<ref name="oliver2007" /><ref name="gourley2003" /> As a result, both the 4.6×30mm and 5.7×28mm cartridges (and the associated weapons) have been independently adopted by various NATO countries, according to preference; the P90 is currently in service with military and police forces in over 40 countries throughout the world.<ref name="milrev" /><ref name="gourley2003" />

{{Further2|[[FN 5.7×28mm#History|FN 5.7×28mm (history)]]}}

In 2002 and 2003, NATO conducted a series of tests with the intention of standardizing a PDW cartridge as a replacement for the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge.<ref name="oliver2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |title=In the Line of Fire |author=Oliver, David |year=2007 |publisher=Global Defence Review |accessdate=October 19, 2009 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061016074936/http://www.global-defence.com/2006/Utilities/article.php?id=40 |archivedate=October 16, 2006}}</ref> The tests compared the relative merits of the FN 5.7×28mm cartridge and the [[HK 4.6×30mm]] cartridge, which was created by German small arms manufacturer [[Heckler & Koch]] as a competitor to the 5.7×28mm.<ref name="oliver2007"/> The results of the NATO tests were analyzed by a group formed of experts from Canada, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and the group's conclusion was that the 5.7×28mm was "undoubtedly" the more efficient cartridge.<ref name="oliver2007"/> However, the German delegation and others rejected the NATO recommendation that 5.7×28mm be standardized, halting the standardization process indefinitely.<ref name="oliver2007"/><ref name="gourley2003"/> As a result, both the 4.6×30mm and 5.7×28mm cartridges (and the associated weapons) have been independently adopted by various NATO countries, according to preference; the P90 is currently in service with military and police forces in over 40 countries throughout the world.<ref name="milrev"/><ref name="gourley2003"/>

=== Present ===

Riga 103 ⟶ 46:

=== Ammunition ===

[[File:57lineup.jpg|thumb|left|Three of the small-caliber, high-[[muzzle velocity|velocity]] [[5.7×28mm]] cartridges as used in the P90. The left cartridge has a plain hollow tip, the center cartridge has a red plastic V-max tip, and the right cartridge has a blue plastic V-max tip<ref name="dockery2007"/>]]

{{main|FN 5.7×28mm}}

[[File:FNP90MAG02.jpg|thumb|upright|The P90's unique [[magazine (firearms)|magazine]] has a capacity of 50 rounds, and it fits flush with the weapon's frame.<ref name="dockery2007"/>]]

[[File:FNP90MAG01.JPG|thumb|The P90 magazine feed lips]]

Riga 126 ⟶ 68:

|-

! [[Projectile]] weight

| {{convert|1.,8| g| (28 gr|abbr=on}})

| {{convert|2.6|g|gr|abbr=on}}

| {{convert|2.6|g|gr|abbr=on}}