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Connections are built by supplying an underlying [[software driver|driver]] or [[provider model|provider]] with a [[connection string]], which is used to address a specific [[database]] or [[server (computing)|server]] and to provide instance and user authentication credentials (for example, <code>'''Server='''sql_box;'''Database='''Common;'''User ID='''uid;'''Pwd='''password;</code>).
Once a connection has been built, it can be opened and closed at will, and properties (such as the command time-out length, or [[Database transaction|transaction]], if one exists) can be set. The connection string consists of a set of [[Key-value database|key/value]] pairs, dictated by the data access interface of the data provider.
Some databases, such as [[PostgreSQL]], only allow one operation to be performed at a time on each connection.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}} If a request for data (a [[SQL]] [[Select (SQL)|Select]] statement) is sent to the database and a [[result set]] is returned, the connection is open but not available for other operations until the client finishes consuming the result set.
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