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Historically the creation of a state by this name from Japan-ruled Taiwan was also a goal of the [[Taiwanese Communist Party]] of the late [[1920s]]. Unlike current formulations and in line with the thinking of [[Comintern]], such a state would be a [[proletarian]] one.
In the [[1950s]] a [[Republic of Taiwan Provisional Government]] was set up in Japan. [[Liao Wen-yih]] was nominally the President. At one time it held quasi-official relations with the newly independent [[Indonesia]]. This was made possible mainly through the connections between [[Sukarno]] and the Provisional Government's [[Southeast Asia]]n liason, [[Chen Chih-hsiung]], who had assisted in the colony's independence movement.
Since then several scholars have drafted various versions of a [[constitution]], as both political statement or vision and as intellectual exercise. Most of these drafts favor a [[bicameral]] [[parliament]]ary rather than presidential system. In at least one such draft, seats in the upper house would be divided equally among Taiwan's established ethnities. In the 1980s the Chinese Nationalist government considered publication of these ideas criminal. In the most dramatic case, it decided to arrest the pro-independence publisher [[Cheng Nan-jung]] for publishing a version in his [[Tang-wai]] magazine, ''[[Liberty Era]]'' (自由時代). Rather than giving himself up, Cheng [[self-immolation|self-immolated]] in protest.
Other campaigns and tactics toward such a State have included soliciting designs from the public for a new national [[flag]] (see image) and [[anthem]]. More recently the [[Taiwan Name Rectification Campaign]] (台灣正名運動) has played an active role. More traditional independentists have criticized name rectification as merely a superficial tactic devoid of the larger vision inherent in the Republic of Taiwan agenda.
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Initially, the Taiwanese Independence movement began as an attempt to overthrow the Republic of China government and replace it with a native Republic of Taiwan government. This was because the ruling party of ROC, the Kuomintang, was at first consisted essentially of mainland Chinese who fled to Taiwan at the end of the civil war in 1949. However, as economic successes overshadowed political concerns, and with the mainland Chinese gradually dying out, the general population became more and more tolerant towards the “alien” government. Following the impressively rapid process of democratization in the late 80s and early 90s, this movement by and large ended as the Taiwanese localization movement.
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