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'''Native-language identification''' (NLI) is the task of determining an author's [[first language|native language]] (L1) based only on their writings in a [[second language]] (L2).<ref>Wong, Sze-Meng Jojo, and Mark Dras. [http://anthology.aclweb.org/D/D11/D11-1148.pdf "Exploiting parse structures for native language identification"]. Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2011.</ref>
NLI works through identifying language-usage patterns that are common to specific L1 groups and then applying this knowledge to predict the native language of previously unseen texts.
This is motivated in part by applications in [[second-language acquisition]],
== Overview ==
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