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The '''decay-missing-filled''' ('''DMF''') index or '''decayed, missing, and filled teeth''' ('''DMFT''') index is one of the most common methods in oral [[epidemiology]] for assessing [[dental caries]] prevalence as well as dental treatment needs among populations and has been used for about 75 years<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1388190/</ref>. This index is based on in-field clinical examination of individuals by using a probe, mirror and cotton rolls, and simply counts the number of decayed, missing (due to caries only) and restored teeth. Another version proposed in 1931 <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1388190/</ref> counts each affected surface, yielding a '''decayed, missing, and filled surfaces''' ('''DMFS''') index. Statistics are available per populations according age (e.g., "DMF of 12-year old children"). Because the DMF index is done without X-ray imaging, it underestimates real caries prevalence and treatment needs.<ref name="HC">{{cite journal |author=Zadik Yehuda, Bechor Ron |title=Hidden Occlusal Caries - Challenge for the Dentist |journal=New York State Dental Journal |volume=74 |issue=4 |pages=46–50 |date=June–July 2008 |url=http://www.nysdental.org/img/current-pdf/JrnlJuneJuly2008.pdf |format=PDF|accessdate=2008-08-08 |pmid=18788181}}</ref>
==See also==
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