'''Low-energy Energyadaptive Adaptiveclustering Clustering Hierarchyhierarchy ("LEACH")'''<ref>Heinzelman, W., Chandrakasan, A., and Balakrishnan, H., "Energy-Efficient Communication Protocols for Wireless Microsensor Networks", Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaaian International Conference on Systems Science (HICSS), January 2000. [http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/decouto/papers/heinzelman00.pdf Paper]</ref> is a [[Time division multiple access|TDMA]]-based [[Media access control|MAC]] protocol which is integrated with clustering and a simple routing protocol in [[wireless sensor network]]s (WSNs). The goal of LEACH is to lower the energy consumption required to create and maintain clusters in order to improve the life time of a wireless sensor network.
==Protocol explanation==
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Nodes that have been cluster heads cannot become cluster heads again for ''P'' rounds, where ''P'' is the desired percentage of cluster heads. Thereafter, each node has a 1/''P'' probability of becoming a cluster head again. At the end of each round, each node that is not a cluster head selects the closest cluster head and joins that cluster. The cluster head then creates a schedule for each node in its cluster to transmit its data.
All nodes that are not cluster heads only communicate with the cluster head in a [[Time Division Multiple Access|TDMA]] fashion, according to the schedule created by the cluster head. They do so using the minimum energy needed to reach the cluster head, and only need to keep their radios on during their time slot.
LEACH also uses [[Codecode Divisiondivision Multiplemultiple Accessaccess|CDMA]] so that each cluster uses a different set of CDMA codes, to minimize interference between clusters.
