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==Outcomes==
* The crystal potential by itself leads to [[refraction]] and [[specular reflection]] of the waves at the interface to the crystal and delivers the [[refractive index]] off the Bragg reflection. It also corrects for refraction at the Bragg condition and combined Bragg and specular reflection in grazing incidence geometries.
* A Bragg reflection is the splitting of the dispersion surface at the border of the [[Brillouin zone]] in reciprocal space. There is a gap between the dispersion surfaces in which no travelling waves are allowed. For a non-absorbing crystal, the reflection curve shows a range of [[total reflection]], the so-called [[Darwin plateau]]. Regarding the quantum mechanical [[energy]] of the system, this leads to the [[band gap]] structure which is commonly well known for electrons.
* Upon Laue diffraction, intensity is shuffled from the forward diffracted beam into the Bragg diffracted beam until extinction. The diffracted beam itself fulfills the Bragg condition and shuffles intensity back into the primary direction. This round-trip period is called the ''[[Pendellösung]]'' period.
* The '''extinction length''' is related to the ''[[Pendellösung]]'' period. Even if a crystal is infinitely thick, only the crystal volume within the extinction length contributes considerably to the diffraction in [[Bragg geometry]].
* In [[Laue geometry]], beam paths lie within the [[Borrmann triangle]]. [[Kato fringes]] are the intensity patterns due to ''[[Pendellösung]]'' effects at the exit surface of the crystal.
* [[Anomalous absorption]] effects take place due to a [[standing wave]] patterns of two wave fields. Absorption is stronger if the standing wave has its anti-nodes on the lattice planes, i.e. where the absorbing atoms are, and weaker, if the anti-nodes are shifted between the planes. The standing wave shifts from one condition to the other on each side of the [[Darwin plateau]] which gives the latter an asymmetric shape.
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