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not all elementary functions are Hardy L-functions (e.g. sin, cos) |
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for every ''C'' > 0.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Alexander A. Razborov and Steven Rudich |title=Natural Proofs |journal=Journal of Computer and System Sciences |volume=55 |issue=1 |date=August 1997 |pages=24–35 |doi=10.1006/jcss.1997.1494}}</ref>
It has been proven that if a function ''ƒ'' is defined using the standard arithmetic operations, exponentials, logarithms, and
There are infinitely many functions whose self-composition is the same exponential function as each other. In particular, for every <math>A</math> in the open interval <math>(0,1)</math> and for every [[continuous function|continuous]] [[strictly increasing function]] ''g'' from <math>[0,A]</math> [[surjective function|onto]] <math>[A,1]</math>, there is an extension of this function to a continuous monotonic function <math>f</math> on the real numbers such that <math>f(f(x))=\exp x</math>.<ref>{{cite journal
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