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When an LSR receives a packet, it uses the label included in the packet header as an index to determine the next hop on the label-switched path (LSP) and a corresponding label for the packet from a [[lookup table]]. The old label is then removed from the header and replaced with the new label before the packet is routed forward.
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LERs respectively, ''push'' an MPLS label onto an incoming packet<ref group=note>In some applications, the packet presented to the LER already may have a label, so that the new LER pushes a second label onto the packet.</ref> and ''pop'' it off the outgoing packet. Alternatively, under [[penultimate hop popping]] this function may instead be performed by the LSR directly connected to the LER.
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