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{{anchor|Fontpage|Display|Printer|Default}}In computing, a '''hardware code page''' ('''HWCP''') refers to a [[code page]] supported natively by a hardware device such as a [[display adapter]] or [[printer (computing)|printer]]. The [[glyph]]s to present the characters are stored in the [[character generator]]'s resident read-only memory (like [[Read-only memory|ROM]] or flash) and are thus not user-changeable.<ref name="Paul_2001_CPSwitchFD"/><ref name="XyWrite_2009/> They are available for use by the system without having to load any [[computer font|font]] definitions into the device first. Startup messages issued by a [[Personal computer|PC]]'s [[System BIOS]] or displayed by an [[operating system]] before initializing its own code page switching logic and font management and before switching to [[graphics mode]] are displayed in a computer's '''default hardware code page'''.
==Code page assignments==
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Under [[DOS]] and [[Windows 9x]] this is accomplished by specifying the hardware codepage as a parameter (hwcp) to the [[device driver]]s [[DISPLAY.SYS]] and [[PRINTER.SYS]] in [[CONFIG.SYS]]:
: <tt>[[DEVICE (CONFIG.SYS directive)|DEVICE]]=…\DISPLAY.SYS CON=(type,hwcp,n|(n,m))</tt><ref name="Paul_2001_CPSwitchFD"/><ref name="Caldera_1998_USER-9"/><ref name="Caldera_1998_USER-17"/><ref name="Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP"/><ref name="Paul_2001_NWDOSTIP"/><ref name="Prosise_1990"/><ref name="XyWrite_2009/>
: <tt>DEVICE=…\PRINTER.SYS PRN=(type,hwcp,n)</tt><ref name="Paul_2001_CPSwitchFD"/><ref name="Caldera_1998_USER-9"/><ref name="Caldera_1998_USER-17"/><ref name="Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP"/><ref name="Paul_2001_NWDOSTIP"/><ref name="Prosise_1990"/>
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==OEM code pages==
Hardware code pages are also [[OEM code page]]s. The designation "OEM", for "[[original equipment manufacturer]]", indicates that the character set could be changed by the manufacturer to meet different markets.<ref name="Chen_2005_CP"/><ref name="Chen_2005_OEM"/>
However, OEM code pages do not necessarily reside in ROM, but include so called [[prepared code page]]s,<ref name="Caldera_1998_USER-17"/><ref name="XyWrite_2009/> (aka [[downloadable character set]] or
==See also==
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<ref name="Paul_2002-09-05">{{citation |title=Technical info on undocumented DOS country info for LCASE, ARAMODE and CCTORC records |author-first=Matthias |author-last=Paul |date=2002-09-05 |publisher=FreeDOS development list fd-dev at Topica |url=http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.os.freedos.devel/364 |access-date=2016-05-26 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527142512/http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.os.freedos.devel/364 |archive-date=2016-05-26}}</ref>
<ref name="Paul_2002-12-04">{{cite web |title=DISPLAY CON: |author-first=Matthias |author-last=Paul |date=2002-12-04 |publisher=FreeDOS development list freedos-dev |url=https://marc.info/?l=freedos-dev&m=103902610816421&w=2 |dead-url=no |access-date=2016-06-07}}</ref>
<ref name="Prosise_1990">{{cite journal |author-first=Jeff |author-last=Prosise |author-link=Jeff Prosise |title=Tutor: Using code pages |journal=[[PC Magazine]] |date=1990-05-15 |pages=327–328 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=GNYH0lLwKgAC&pg=PT334&lpg=PT334 |access-date=2016-06-09}}</ref>
<ref name="RBIL_61_INT15h_AX67C3h">{{cite web |title=INT 15h/AX=67C3h - Arabic/Hebrew MS-DOS 5.0+ - HGC & HGC/RAMFont support |work=RBIL61 |date=2000 |url=http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/doc/rbinter/id/85/14.html |access-date=2016-06-09 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609220539/http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/doc/rbinter/id/85/14.html |archive-date=2016-06-09}}</ref>
<ref name="FreeBSD_2016_1">{{cite web |title=FreeBSD Handbook |at=22.4.1. Localization - i18n/L10n Usage and Setup: Locale Configuration for Specific Languages: Russian Language (KOI8-R Encoding) |work=The FreeBSD Documentation Project |author=bhd |others=Chernov, Andrey |date=2016-06-04 |orig-year=1995 |version=48895 |url=https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/lang-setup.html |access-date=2016-06-12 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612104831/https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/lang-setup.html |archive-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>
<ref name="FreeBSD_2016_2">{{cite web |title=FreeBSD Handbook |at=22.5.1.3 Localization - i18n/L10n Usage and Setup: Localizing FreeBSD to Specific Languages: Russian Language (KOI8-R Encoding): Printer Setup |work=The FreeBSD Documentation Project |author=bhd |others=Chernov, Andrey |date=2016-06-04 |orig-year=1995 |version=48895 |url=http://freebsd.therek.net/handbook/lang-setup.html |access-date=2016-06-12 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612110040/http://freebsd.therek.net/handbook/lang-setup.html |archive-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>
<ref name="XyWrite_2009>{{cite |title=Changing code pages |work=XyWrite III, XyWrite III Plus and Signature |id=Application Note #111 |url=http://www.xywrite.com/ttg/appnotes/app111.txt |orig-year=2002-09-04 |date=2009-04-25 |access-date=2016-06-12 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612212528/http://www.xywrite.com/ttg/appnotes/app111.txt |archive-date=2016-06-12}}</ref>
<ref name="Chen_2005_CP">{{cite web |title=Keep your eye on the code page |author-first=Raymond |author-last=Chen |author-link=Raymond Chen (Microsoft) |date=2005-03-08 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |url=https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20050308-00/?p=36253 |access-date=2016-06-12 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612213558/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20050308-00/?p=36253 |archive-date=2016-06-12}}
</ref>
<ref name="Chen_2005_OEM">{{cite web |title=Why is the default console codepage called “OEM”? |author-first=Raymond |author-last=Chen |author-link=Raymond Chen (Microsoft) |work=The Old New Thing |date=2005-08-29 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |url=https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20050829-00/?p=34403 |access-date= |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612214003/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20050829-00/?p=34403 |archive-date=2016-06-12}}
</ref>
}}
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