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The '''local-density approximation''', (LDA), is a [[density functional theory|density functional]] [[scientific modeling|model]] in [[physics]], which approximates the [[electron exchange | exchange ]] and [[electron correlation | correlation ]] (XC) energy.
The basic theorem of [[Density Functional Theory]] states that the energy of the [[stationary state | ground state]] of a system of electrons is a[[functional (mathematics) | functional ]] of the [[electronic density]], in particular the exchange and correlation energy is also a functional of the density (this energy can be seen as the quantum part of the electron-electron interaction). This XC functional is not known exactly and must be approximated.
LDA is the most simple approximation for this functional, it is ''local'' in the sense that the electron exchange and correlation energy at any point of the space is a function of the electron density at that point in space only.
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