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Program streams are created by combining one or more [[Packetized Elementary Stream]]s (PES), which have a common time base, into a single stream. It is designed for reasonably reliable media such as disks, in contrast to [[MPEG transport stream]] which is for data transmission in which loss of data is likely. Program streams have variable size records and minimal use of [[start code]]s which would make over the air reception difficult, but has less overhead. Program stream coding layer allows only one [[MPEG transport stream#Programs|program]] of one or more elementary streams to be packaged into a single stream, in contrast to transport stream, which allows multiple programs.<ref name="iso13818" />
MPEG-2 Program stream can contain MPEG-1 Part 2 video, [[MPEG-2 Part 2]] video, MPEG-1 Part 3 audio ([[MPEG-1 Audio Layer III|MP3]], [[MPEG-1 Audio Layer II|MP2]], [[MPEG-1 Audio Layer I|MP1]]) or MPEG-2 Part 3 audio.<ref name="iso13818"/> It can also contain [[MPEG-4 Part 2]] video, MPEG-2 Part 7 audio ([[Advanced audio coding|AAC]]) or MPEG-4 Part 3 (AAC) audio,<ref name="iso13818"/> but they are rarely used.{{Citation needed|reason=MPEG-4 Part 2 streams can be found in many countries and increasingly so as ASO continues worldwide|date=August 2010}} The MPEG-2 Program stream has provisions for non-standard data (e.g. [[Dolby AC-3|AC-3]] audio or subtitles) in the form of so-called private streams.<ref name="whatisvob">[http://www.mpucoder.com/DVD/vobov.html What is a VOB file], Retrieved on 2009-07-26</ref> International Organization for Standardization authorized [[SMPTE]] Registration Authority, LLC as the registration authority for MPEG-2 format identifiers. It publishes list of compression formats which can be encapsulated in MPEG-2 transport stream and program stream.<ref>
==Coding details==
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