Comparison of executable file formats: Difference between revisions

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Use classic Mac OS for the "classic" Mac OS; that's now the page for that OS. Update to use macOS as the name for Apple's current OS for Macs.
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This is a comparison of binary [[executable]] [[file format]]s which, once loaded by a suitable executable [[Loader (computing)|loader]], can be directly executed by the CPU rather than become interpreted by software. In addition to the binary application code, the executables may contain headers and tables with relocation and fixup information as well as various kinds of meta data. Among those formats listed, the ones in most common use are [[Portable Executable|PE]] (on [[Microsoft Windows]]), [[Executable and Linkable Format|ELF]] (on [[Linux]] and most other versions of [[Unix]]), [[Mach-O]] (on [[OS XmacOS]] and [[iOS]]) and [[DOS MZ executable|MZ]] (on [[DOS]]).
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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|-
! scope="row" | [[XCOFF]]
| [[IBM AIX]], [[BeOS]], [[Mac OS#"Classic" Mac OS (1984–2001)|"classic" Mac OS]]
| style="text-align: center;" | none
| {{Yes}} by file
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|-
! scope="row" | [[Mach-O]]<ref name=macosx>{{cite web|url=http://developer.apple.com/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/MachORuntime/Reference/reference.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/20001298-BAJIHABI |title=Mac OS X ABI Mach-O File Format Reference |publisher=Apple Inc. |date=4 February 2009 |accessdate=9 July 2012}}</ref>
| [[NeXTSTEP]], [[OS&nbsp;XmacOS]], [[iOS]], [[watchOS]], [[tvOS]]
| style="text-align: center;" | none
| {{Yes}} by section
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|-
! scope="row" | [[Preferred Executable Format|PEF]]<ref name="apple-pef">{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512065331/http://developer.apple.com/tools/mpw-tools/commandref/dumppef.html|title=MPW Command Reference - DumpPEF|archivedate=12 May 2008|url=http://developer.apple.com/tools/mpw-tools/commandref/dumppef.htm|publisher=Apple Inc.}}</ref>
| [[Mac OS#"Classic" Mac OS (1984–2001)|"classic" Mac&nbsp;OS]]
| style="text-align: center;" | none
| {{Yes}} by file