Manual override: Difference between revisions

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A '''manual override (MO)''' or '''manual analog override (MAO)''' is a mechanism wherein control is taken from an [[automated system]] and given to the user. For example, a manual override in [[photography]] refers to the ability for the human photographer to turn off the automatic [[aperture]] sizing, [[automatic focus]]ing, or any other automated system on the camera.<ref>[http://www.ambitions4.com/Glossary-Pub-View-Topic-Details.asp?GlossaryID=339&strChar=M Manual override], Ambitions Photography Academy.</ref>

Some manual overrides can be used to veto ana automated system's judgment when the system is in error. An example of this is a [[Printer (computing)|printer's]] ink level detection: in one case, a researcher found that when he overrode the system, up to 38% more pages could be printed at good quality by the printer than the automated system would have allowed.<ref name=BBC>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3035500.stm 'Raw deal' on printer ink], ''[[BBC]]'', 3 July 2003</ref>

Automated systems are becoming increasingly common and integrated into everyday objects such as [[automobile]]s and [[domestic appliance]]s. This development of [[ubiquitous computing]] raises general issues of policy and law about the need for manual overrides for matters of great importance such as life-threatening situations and major economic decisions. The loyalty of such autonomous devices then becomes an issue. If they follow rules installed by the manufacturer or required by law and refuse to cede control in some situations then the owners of the devices may feel disempowered, alienated and lacking true ownership.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.jjbohn.com/papers/langhein_aswemaylive_2002.pdf |title=As we may live – Real-world implications of ubiquitous computing |author1=Marc Langheinrich |author2=Vlad Coroama |author3=Jurgen Bohn |author4=Michael Rohs |last-author-amp=yes |publisher=Institute of Information Systems}}</ref>