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An NCO generally consists of two parts:
*A ''phase accumulator'' (PA), which adds to the value held at its output, a frequency control value at each clock sample.
*A ''phase-to-amplitude converter'' (PAC), which uses the phase accumulator output word (phase word) usually as an index into a waveform [[look-up table]] (LUT) to provide a corresponding amplitude sample. Sometimes [[linear interpolation|interpolation]] is used with the look-up table to provide better accuracy and reduce phase error noise. Other methods of converting phase to amplitude, including mathematical algorithms such as [[power series]] can be used, particularly in a software NCO.
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