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|publisher=[[O'Reilly Media]]
|via=Google Books
}}</ref> In that context, the items to organize are those significant in the environment. The way the items are organized should make sense to the target audience and cannot be determined from [[first principles]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2017}}
The field of [[information architecture]] is founded on the study of the structure of information. If an accepted and standardized [[Taxonomy (general)|taxonomy]] exists for a subject, it would be natural to apply that taxonomy to organize both the information in the environment, and any navigation to particular subjects or functions.{{Citation needed|date=April 2017}} Card sorting is useful when:
* The variety of items to organize is so great that no existing taxonomy is accepted as organizing the items.
* Similarities among the items make them difficult to divide clearly into categories.
* Members of the audience that uses the environment differ significantly in how they view the similarities among items and the appropriate groupings of items.{{Citation needed|date=April 2017}}
==Basic method==
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