Dirar ibn al-Azwar: differenze tra le versioni

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Ḍirār sarebbe morto in [[Siria]], vittima dell'[[epidemia]] di [[Emmaus|ʿAmwās]] del [[638]], al pari di [[Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan|Yazīd b. Abī Sufyān]] e [[Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah|Abū ʿUbayda b. al-Jarrāḥ]].<ref>http://www.atlastours.net/jordan/jordan_valley.html</ref> Sarebbe stato inumato nel ''[[Bilad al-Sham|Bilād al-Shām]]''.<ref>''Futūḥ al-Shām'', di al-Wāqidī</ref>
ma un'altra fonte, [[Ibn 'Abd al-Barr]], afferma che Ḍirār sarebbe morto nella battaglia di Ajnādayn, mentre al-Wāqidī riferisce che sarebbe addirittura caduto anni prima, nella [[battaglia della Yamama]]<ref>[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=DrtLsKXt1osC&pg=PA149&dq=dirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AxDaVKeJE8SyuATcz4HoDw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=dirar%20azwar&f=false]</ref><ref>http://islamstory.com/ar/ضرار_بن_الأزور {{cite book | last = Khuri Hitti | first = Phillip | year=2005 |title = The Origins of the Islamic State quoting Ya'kubi vol II, p. 165, 2002 |page = 149 }}</ref>
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Also it was reported by Ibn Hajjar Hadith that in one case that Dhiraar murdered [[Malik ibn Nuwayrah]] and committed adultery of female slave taken from the campaign. so Khalid has ordered by Caliph Umar to executed him due this crime. However, before Khalid received the order to execute Dhiraar, he was already dead<ref>[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=OqHvlJYjgRUC&pg=PA43&dq=dirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QxHaVP-eMIyJuASsuoE4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=dirar%20azwar&f=false {{cite book | last = Zawātī | first = Ḥilmī | year=2005 |title = Is Jihād a Just War? quoting [[Al-Bayhaqi|Abu Bakr Ahmad bin Husayn Al-Bayhaqi]] , Al Sunan Al Kubra 10 volume(Haydar Abad) Da'irat Al-Ma'rif Al-Uthmaniyya, 2001 |page = 44 }}]</ref> although there's some controversy regarding the textual translations if Dhiraar died in that time (regardless the cause) or not,<ref>http://kingoflinks.net/Mkhalfoon/10Khalid/6Dhrar.htm</ref> as its recorded by [[Bayhaqi]]<ref>[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=OqHvlJYjgRUC&pg=PA43&dq=dhirar+azwar+asad&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AMLpVNnVA9fluQSQ6YCwDQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=azwar&f=false {{cite book | last = Zawātī | first = Ḥilmī |title = Is Jihād a Just War?}}]</ref>
 
so this is different from Al-Waqidi version. on the other side Tabari explained the same circumstances with Waqidi that Dhiraar was appeared at the battle of Yarmouk<ref>the history of nations and the apostles and kings , Ibn Jarir al-Tabari, c 2, p. 336. رابط الموضوع: http://www.alukah.net/culture/0/54093/#ixzz3RD0InZQZ</ref> and [[Ya'qubi]] even wrote He live long enough to the [[Battle of Qadisiyah]] together with [[Tulayha]], [[Amru bin Ma'adi Yakrib]] and other Rashidun soldiers to discover the corpse of [[Rostam Farrokhzād]]<ref name="google1"/> although the chronicle of Ya'qubi was plagued with skepticism{{#tag:ref|Skepticism regarding Ya'qubi works were exist as he was accused with bias of Shiite sympathy regarding his works<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/652001/al-Yaqubi Ya'qubi]</ref>|group="Notes"}}
 
However, it is should be noted that Ibn Hajjar surmisses there's two different person of Dhiraar. the first was Dhiraar bin Azwar from Asad tribe but another named Dhiraar bin al-Khattab was also exist, thus chroniclers like Abd al-Barr making some mistakes by identifying those two different persons as the one person. Although the confusion was evident here the older chroniclers such as Abu Ismail al Azdi and [[Sayf ibn Umar]] was conscious the existence of two Dhiraar but they also recorded both Dhiraar al-Azwar and Dhiraar bin al-Khattab was present in the Syrian campaign particularly battle of Yarmouk, Dismissing al-Barr & Waqidi's claim<ref>[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=FP09AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA74&dq=dhirar+azwar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=O8XpVOCJBMmgugSv_YCgBg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=dhirar%20azwar&f=false {{cite book | last = Nassau Lees | first = W. |title = The Conquest of Syria commonly ascribed to Muḥammad b. 'Umar al- Wāqidī: Ed. with notes by W. Nassau Lees, Volume 1}}]</ref>
 
==Retaggio==
Una [[moschea] dedicata a Ḍirār è sita nella parte settentrionale della [[Valle del Giordano]], nei pressi del mausoleo dedicato ad [[Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah]], in un'area in cui fu combattuta la [[battaglia di Mu'ta]].
[[Dirar Bin Al-Azwar mosque]] was built to commemorate the Prophet’s companion, Dirar Bin Al Azwar. the Mosque is located to the northern part of the Jordan Valley adjacent the mausoleum of [[Abu 'Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah]], another prophet's companion and his former superior on the campaign against Byzantine empire, in an area which witnessed the [[Battle of Mu'tah|first battles between the Muslims and the Byzantine empire]] in the earliest Muslim conquests.
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== Bibliografia ==