Bone segment navigation: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:12, 30 April 2017

Revision as of 08:24, 19 May 2017

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After an accident or injury, a fracture can be produced and the resulting bony fragments can be displaced. In the oral and maxillofacial area, such a displacement could have a major effect both on facial aesthetics and organ function: a fracture occurring in a bone that delimits the [[orbit (anatomy)|orbit]] can lead to [[diplopia]]; a [[Human mandible|mandibula]]r fracture can induce significant modifications of the [[occlusion (dentistry)|dental occlusion]]; in the same manner, a skull ([[neurocranium]]) fracture can produce an increased [[intracranial pressure]].

In severe congenital malformations of the facial skeleton surgical creation of usually multiple<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Obwegeser|first=HL|date=1969|title=Surgical correction of small or retrodisplaced maxillae. The "dish-face" deformity.|url=|journal=Plast Reconstr Surg.|volume=43|issue=4|pages=351–65|doi=10.1097/00006534-196904000-00003|pmid=|access-date=|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Craniofacial Surgery 3|last=Cutting|first=C|last2=Grayson|first2=B|last3=Bookstein|first3=F|last4=Kim|first4=H|last5=McCarthy|first5=J|publisher=Monduzzi Editore|year=1991|isbn=9788832300000|editor-last=Caronni|editor-first=EP|___location=Bologna|pages=|chapter=The case for multiple cranio-maxillary osteotomies in Crouzon's disease.|via=}}</ref> bone segments is required with precise movement of these segments to produce a more normal face.

== Surgical planning and surgical simulation ==

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== Clinical use of bone segment navigation ==

The first clinical report of the use of this type of system was by Watzinger et al. in 1997<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Watzinger|first=F|last2=Wanschitz|first2=F|last3=Wagner|first3=A|last4=et al.|date=1997|title=Computer-aided navigation in secondary reconstruction of post-traumatic deformities of the zygoma.|url=|journal=J Craniomaxillofac Surg.|volume=25|issue=4|pages=198–202|doi=10.1016/s1010-5182(97)80076-5|pmid=|access-date=|via=}}</ref> in the reposition of zygoma fractures using a mirrored image from the normal side as a target. In 1998 the system was reported by Marmulla and Niederdellmann to track LeFort I osteotomy position as well as zygoma fracture repositioning.<ref name=":0" /> In 1998 Cutting et al.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cutting|first=C|last2=Grayson|first2=B|last3=McCarthy|first3=J|last4=et al.|date=1998|title=A virtual reality system for bone fragment positioning in multisegment craniofacial surgical procedures.|url=|journal=Plast Reconstr Surg.|volume=102|issue=7|pages=2436–43|doi=10.1097/00006534-199812000-00027|pmid=|access-date=|via=}}</ref> reported use of the system to track multisegment midface osteotomies in major craniofacial malformations.

== References ==