Utente:Abaco69/Sandbox: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 10:24, 26 gen 2016

Versione delle 10:31, 26 gen 2016

Riga 43:

Il real divenne la valuta ufficiale del Brasile nel 1790, quando ancora era una colonia portoghese. <!----------It was retained when Brazil became independent in 1822. It was not sub-divided in smaller units, even though it was affected by significant [[inflation]] during its long lifespan. The practical currency unit shifted from the real to the ''mil réis'' ("one thousand réis") and then to the ''conto de réis'' (one million réis, literally "one count of réis") in the final years of the [[República Velha]] era.

Amounts under 1,000 réis were typically written prefixed by "Rs", as in "Rs 350". In amounts of 1,000 réis and over, the "Rs" remained as the prefix, but the ''cifrão'' "<math>\mathrm{S}\!\!\!\Vert</math>, a doubly stroked dollar sign, was inserted just after the thousands digit — as in "Rs 1$712" for 1,712 réis. For amounts of one million reais and over, a colon ":" was also inserted just after the millions digit, as in "Rs 1:020$800" for 1,020,800 réis.--------->

InNel theXVIII 18thsecolo centurye and earlyall'inizio 19thdel centuriesXIX, <!------------the gold currency was based on the 22 [[carat (purity)|carat]] gold piece which weighed ½ ounce (14.34 [[gram]]s). The standard for the silver currency varied during this period, with the 640 real coin fixed at {{frac|5|8}} onça (17.92&nbsp;grams) of .917 silver in 1806. In 1834, the ''peça'' was revalued at 10$000 réis and the silver 1$200 real coin was set at 415 grains (26.89&nbsp;grams) of .917 silver. In 1846, a [[gold standard]] was established with the ''mil réis'' set at 822.076&nbsp;mg gold, a 37.5% debasement from the previous standard.---------->

AfterDopo thela establishmentcostituzione ofdella theRepubblica Republic innel 1889, the valueil ofvalore thedella currencyvaluta fellcrollò, <!-------------with a peg of 180&nbsp;mg of gold for the one thousand réis set in 1926. This was abandoned in 1933 when the mil réis was pegged to the [[U.S. dollar]] at a rate of 12$500 réis = 1 dollar. A further devaluation occurred in 1939, when it was pegged to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 22$500 réis = 1 USD. In 1942, the real was replaced by the [[Cruzeiro brasiliano (1942)|cruzeiro]], at a rate of 1$000 réis = 1 cruzeiro.

=== Monete ===

Riga 56:

Tra il 1833 e il 1835 ci fu una riforma della monetazione. Le monete in rame furono standardizzate <!-----------across the country, with the introduction of countermarked coins for 10, 20 and 40 réis. Silver coins were introduced in denominations of 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 réis, along with gold 10,000 réis.--------------->

Un'ulteriore riforma tra il 1848 e il 1854 ridusse il contenuto di argento e oro delle monete, con nuove monete da 200, 500, 1&nbsp;000 e 2&nbsp;000 real in argento, e da 5&nbsp;000, 10&nbsp;000 e 20&nbsp;000 real in oro. <!--------------Bronze 10 and 20 réis were introduced in 1868, followed by cupro-nickel 100 and 200 réis in 1871, bronze 40 réis in 1873 and cupro-nickel 50 réis in 1886. The 10 réis was discontinued in 1870.--------->

InNel 1901, cupro-nickelfu introdotto il conio da 400 réis werein introduced[[cupronichel]], followedseguito byda cupro-nickelquello da 20 réis in cupronichel nel 1918. <!---------------Aluminium-bronze 500 and 1000 réis were introduced in 1922, followed by cupro-nickel 200 réis, aluminium-bronze 2000 réis and silver 5000 réis in 1936.------------>

=== Banconote ===

TheLe earliestprime Brazilianbanconote paperbrasiliane moneyfurono wasemesse issuedtra betweenil 1770 ande il 1793 by thedalla ''Administração Geral dos Diamantes'' (GeneralAmministrazione DiamondGenerale Administrationdei Diamanti) toper pagare i paycercatori diamonddi prospectorsdiamanti. <!----------------------------Various denominations were issued with the value written on at the time of issue. They circulated at face value and were convertible into coins. Notes were issued by various provinces between 1808 and 1857, in denominations of 37½, 75, 150, 300, 450, 500, 600, 10,000, 25,000, 50,000 and 100,000 réis.

The first ''Banco do Brazil'' was founded in 1808 and began issuing notes in 1810, in denominations of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 20, 300 and 400 mil réis, with 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 20 mil réis added in 1813 and 1 and 2 mil réis in 1828. This bank closed in 1829.