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| related_components = [[System Restore]]<br />[[Windows Recovery Environment]]<br />[[Windows Resource Protection]]
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'''System File Checker''' is a utility in [[Microsoft Windows]] that allows users to scan for and restore corruptions in Windows system files. This utility is available on [[Windows 98]], [[Windows 2000]] and all subsequent versions of [[Windows NT]] family of operating systems. In [[Windows Vista]], [[Windows 7]] and [[Windows 10]], System File Checker is integrated with [[Windows Resource Protection]], which protects [[Windows Registry|registry]] keys and folders as well as critical system files. Under Windows Vista, <code>sfc.exe</code> can be used to check specific folder paths, including the Windows folder and the boot folder.▼
'''System File Checker''' (SFC<ref>
[[Windows File Protection]] works by registering for notification of file changes in [[Winlogon]]. If any changes are detected to a protected system file, the modified file is restored from a cached copy located in a compressed folder at <code>%WinDir%\System32\dllcache</code>. [[Windows Resource Protection]] (WRP) works by setting discretionary access control lists (DACLs) and [[access control list]]s (ACLs) defined for protected resources. Permission for full access to modify WRP-protected resources is restricted to the processes using the ''Windows Modules Installer service'' (<code>TrustedInstaller.exe</code>). Administrators no longer have full rights to system files.▼
{{cite book
| last1 = Boswell
| first1 = William
| chapter = Using the System File Checker, SFC
| title = Inside Windows Server 2003
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=zayrcM9ZYdAC
| series = Inside Series
| publication-date = 2003
| page = 860
| isbn = 9780735711587
| access-date = 2017-07-23
| quote = You do not need to hack the Registry to change the WFP settings. A command-line utility comes with Windows Server 2003 to set these values. Called the ''System File Checker'', or SFC, the utility can also rebuild the <tt>D11Cache</tt> directory files if files are accidentally deleted.
}}
▲
▲[[Windows File Protection]] (WFP) works by registering for notification of file changes in [[Winlogon]]. If any changes are detected to a protected system file, the modified file is restored from a cached copy located in a compressed folder at <code>%WinDir%\System32\dllcache</code>. [[Windows Resource Protection]]
==History==
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