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'''Continuous-variable quantum information''' is the area of [[quantum information science]] that makes use of [[Observable|physical observables]], like the strength of an [[electromagnetic field]], whose numerical values belong to [[List of continuity-related mathematical topics|continuous]] [[Interval (mathematics)|intervals]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Lloyd|first=Seth|author-link=Seth Lloyd|last2=Braunstein|first2=Samuel L.|author-link2=Samuel L. Braunstein|date=1999-01-01|title=Quantum Computation over Continuous Variables|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1784|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]|volume=82|issue=8|pages=1784–1787|arxiv=quant-ph/9810082|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1784}}</ref> One primary application is [[quantum computing]]. In a sense, continuous-variable quantum computation is "analogue," while quantum computation using [[Qubit|qubits]] is "digital." In more technical terms, the former makes use of [[Hilbert space|Hilbert spaces]] that are [[Dimension|infinite-dimensional]], while the Hilbert spaces for systems comprising collections of qubits are finite-dimensional.<ref>{{Cite book|url=|title=Quantum Information with Continuous Variables|last=Braunstein|first=S. L.|last2=Pati|first2=A. K.|date=2012-12-06|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=|isbn=9789401512589|___location=|pages=|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-94-015-1258-9}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Braunstein|first=Samuel L.|last2=van Loock|first2=Peter|date=2005-06-29|title=Quantum information with continuous variables|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.77.513|journal=[[Reviews of Modern Physics]]|volume=77|issue=2|pages=513–577|arxiv=quant-ph/0410100|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.77.513}}</ref> One motivation for studying continuous-variable quantum computation is to understand what resources are necessary to make quantum computers more powerful than classical ones.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Adesso|first=Gerardo|last2=Ragy|first2=Sammy|last3=Lee|first3=Antony R.|date=2014-03-12|title=Continuous Variable Quantum Information: Gaussian States and Beyond|url=http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1230161214400010|journal=[[Open Systems & Information Dynamics]]|volume=21|issue=01n02|pages=1440001|arxiv=1401.4679|doi=10.1142/S1230161214400010|issn=1230-1612}}</ref>
== Implementation ==
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