X-linked dominant inheritance: Difference between revisions

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'''X-linked dominant inheritance''', sometimes referred to as '''X-linked dominance''', is a mode of [[genetics|genetic inheritance]] by which a [[dominant gene]] is carried on the [[X chromosome]]. As an inheritance pattern, it is less common than the [[X-linked recessive inheritance|X-linked recessive]] type. In medicine, X-linked dominant inheritance indicates that a gene responsible for a [[genetic disorder]] is located on the X chromosome, and only one copy of the [[allele]] is sufficient to cause the disorder when inherited from a parent who has the disorder. In this case, someone who [[Gene expression|expresses]] an X-linked dominant allele will exhibit the disorder and be considered affected.
 
X-linked dominant traits do not necessarily affect males more than females (unlike [[X-linked recessive]] traits). The exact pattern of inheritance varies, depending on whether the father or the mother has the trait of interest. All fathers that are affected by an X-linked dominant disorder, will have affected daughters, but not affected sons. However, if the mother is also affected then sons will have a chance of being affected, depending on whether a dominant or recessive X chromosome is passed on. When the son is affected, the mother will always be affected.
 
Some scholars have suggested discontinuing the terms dominant and recessive when referring to X-linked inheritance due to the multiple mechanisms that can result in the expression of X-linked traits in females, which include cell autonomous expression, [[skewed X-inactivation]], clonal expansion, and [[somatic mosaicism]].<ref name=pmid15316978>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dobyns WB, Filauro A, Tomson BN, Chan AS, Ho AW, Ting NT, Oosterwijk JC, Ober C | title = Inheritance of most X-linked traits is not dominant or recessive, just X-linked | journal = American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A | volume = 129A | issue = 2 | pages = 136–43 | date = August 2004 | pmid = 15316978 | doi = 10.1002/ajmg.a.30123 }}</ref>
 
==Genetics==