Line Mode Browser: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 07:56, 30 April 2018

Revision as of 07:56, 30 April 2018

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}

{{Infobox web browser

| name = Line Mode Browser

| logo = LineModeBrowser.gif

| screenshot = Line Mode Browser Wikipedia.png

| screenshot size = 250px

| caption = Line Mode Browser displaying the [[German Wikipedia]]

| author = {{plainlist|

*[[Tim Berners-Lee]]

*[[Henrik Frystyk Nielsen]]

*[[Nicola Pellow]]

}}

| developer = [[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]] / [[CERN]]

| released = 0.7, {{Initial-release|14 May 1991}}<ref name="linemodechangehistory">{{cite web|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee|first=Tim|last=Berners-Lee|title=Change History of Line Mode Browser|url=http://www.w3.org/LineMode/User/Features.html|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=2 June 2010|date=23 April 1998}}</ref>

| latest release version = 5.4.1

| latest release date = {{Release date and age|2006|12|04|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web |first=Vic |last=Bancroft |title=libwww/ChangeLog |url=http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/libwww/ChangeLog?annotate=HEAD |publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]] |accessdate=7 November 2015 |date=4 December 2006}}</ref>

| operating system = cross-platform, same as [[Libwww]]

| status = active

| genre = [[web browser]]

| programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]]<ref>{{cite web|title=LM_Availability – /Talk_Feb-91|url=http://www.w3.org/Talks/LM_Avaliability.html|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=10 August 2010|authorlink=Nicola Pellow|first=Nicola|last=Pellow|date=February 1991}}</ref>

| license = [[W3C Software Notice and License]]

| website = {{URL|http://www.w3.org/LineMode/}}

}}

The '''Line Mode Browser''' (also known as LMB,<ref>{{cite web|title=How can I download a Document?|url=http://www.w3.org/Library/FAQ/DownLoad.html|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=10 August 2010|authorlink=Henrik Frystyk Nielsen|first=Henrik Frystyk|last=Nielsen|date=April 1995|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112140848/http://www.w3.org/Library/FAQ/DownLoad.html|archivedate=12 January 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>, WWWLib, or just www<ref>{{cite web|last=Bolso|first=Erik Inge|title=2005 Text Mode Browser Roundup|url=http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/8148|work=[[Linux Journal]]|accessdate=5 August 2010|date=8 March 2005}}</ref>) is the second [[web browser]] ever created.<ref name="leefaq">{{cite web |last=Berners-Lee |first=Tim |title=Frequently asked questions – What were the first browsers?|url=http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ.html#browser|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=26 July 2011 |authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee }}</ref>

The browser was the first demonstrated to be [[porting|portable]] to several different [[operating system]]s.<ref name="tenyarscern">{{cite web|title=Ten Years Public Domain for the Original Web Software|url=http://tenyears-www.web.cern.ch/tenyears-www/Story/WelcomeStory.html|publisher=[[CERN]]|accessdate=21 July 2005|date=30 April 2003}}</ref><ref name="howthewebbegan">{{cite web |title=How the web began|url=http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/About/WebStory-en.html|publisher=[[CERN]]|accessdate=25 July 2010|year=2008}}</ref>

Operated from a simple [[command-line interface]], it could be widely used on many computers and [[computer terminal]]s throughout the [[Internet]].

The browser was developed starting in 1990, and then supported by the [[World Wide Web Consortium]] (W3C) as an example and [[Testbed|test application]] for the [[libwww]] [[library (computing)|library]].<ref name="startpage">{{cite web|title=WWW – The Libwww Line Mode Browser|url=http://www.w3.org/LineMode/|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=9 June 2010|authorlink=Henrik Frystyk Nielsen|first=Henrik Frystyk|last=Nielsen|date=4 May 1998}}</ref>

== History ==

One of the fundamental concepts of the "[[World Wide Web]]" projects at [[CERN]] was "[[Cross-platform|universal readership]]".<ref>{{cite web|title=W3 Concepts|url=http://www.w3.org/Talks/General/Concepts.html|publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium]]|accessdate=20 July 2005|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee|first=Tim|last=Berners-Lee|quote=The W3 principle of universal readership is that once information is available, it should be accessible from any type of computer, in any country, and an (authorized) person should only have to use one simple program to access it.}}</ref> In 1990, [[Tim Berners-Lee]] had already written the first browser, [[WorldWideWeb]] (later renamed to ''Nexus''), but that program only worked on the proprietary software of [[NeXT]] computers, which were in limited use.<ref name="tenyarscern" /> Berners-Lee and his team could not port the WorldWideWeb application with its features—including the graphical [[WYSIWYG]] editor— to the more widely deployed [[X Window System]], since they had no experience in programming it.<ref name="IEEE" /> The team recruited [[Nicola Pellow]], a math student intern working at CERN,<ref>{{cite book|title=Weaving the Web|year=1999|authorlink=Tim Berners-Lee|first=Tim|last=Berners-Lee|first2=Mark|last2=Fischetti|page=29|quote=[...] we needed help. Ben Segal [...] spotted a young intern named Nicola Pellow.}}</ref> to write a "passive browser" so basic that it could run on most computers of that time.<ref name="tenyarscern" />