Community-based program design: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:05, 13 December 2017

Revision as of 13:46, 26 June 2018

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=== Challenges ===

Some challenges of community-based program design are the limited availability of resources, propensity for high levels of staff turnover, the reliance upon unpaid volunteers, participant retention, and the evaluation of a dynamic task environment.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=O'Neil|first=Margaret E.|last2=Fragala-Pinkham|first2=Maria|last3=Ideishi|first3=Roger I.|last4=Ideishi|first4=Siobhan K.|date=2012-05-01|title=Community-based programs for children and youth: our experiences in design, implementation, and evaluation|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22483374|journal=Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics|volume=32|issue=2|pages=111–119|doi=10.3109/01942638.2012.668089|issn=1541-3144|pmid=22483374}}</ref> For the same reasons that sustainability is an advantage of this approach, utilizing limited available resources is a challenge. Based on [[free market]] principals and resource scarcity, programs often operate below [[pareto efficiency]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://cup.columbia.edu/book/economics-for-social-workers/9780231116879|title=Economics for social workers : the application of economic theory to social policy and the human services|last=Lewis|first=Michael Anthony|last2=Karl|first2=Widerquist|date=2002|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231116862|oclc=47805132}}</ref>

== Program design tools ==

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=== Socio-ecological model ===

One model for program design is the [[Ecosystem model|socio-ecological model]]. This model enables an understanding of the factors that can influence a community. It demonstrates five levels of influence, which are the individual/intrapersonal, the interpersonal, the organizational/institutional, the community, and the policy.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Healthy Teen Network|title=Increasing Our Impact by Using a Social-Ecological Approach|url=http://www.healthyteennetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/TipSheet_IncreasingOurImpactUsingSocial-EcologicalApproach.pdf|pagepages=1, 2-32–3|accessdate=10 May 2017|date=March 2015}}</ref>

=== Logic model ===