Biomaterial surface modifications: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 16:18, 4 July 2018

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Biomaterials exhibit various degrees of compatibility with the harsh environment within a living organism. They need to be nonreactive chemically and physically with the body, as well as integrate when withdeposited into tissue.<ref name=biomaterial>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/BF00680113 |title=Biomaterials for abdominal wall hernia surgery and principles of their applications |year=1994 |last1=Amid |first1=P. K. |last2=Shulman |first2=A. G. |last3=Lichtenstein |first3=I. L. |last4=Hakakha |first4=M. |journal=Langenbecks Archiv für Chirurgie |volume=379 |issue=3 |pages=168–71}}</ref> The extent of compatibility varies based on the application and material required. Often modifications to the surface of a biomaterial system are required to maximize performance. The surface can be modified in many ways, including plasma modification and applying coatings to the substrate. Surface modifications can be used to affect [[surface energy]], [[adhesion]], [[biocompatibility]], chemical inertness, lubricity, [[Sterilization (microbiology)|sterility]], [[asepsis]], [[Thrombosis|thrombogenicity]], susceptibility to [[corrosion]], degradation, and [[hydrophile|hydrophilicity]].

== Background of Polymer Biomaterials ==

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=== Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) ===

[[polytetrafluoroethylene|Teflon]] is a hydrophobic polymer composed of a carbon chain saturated with fluorine atoms. The fluorine-carbon bond is largely ionic, producing a strong dipole. The dipole prevents Teflon from being susceptible to Van der Waals forces, so other materials will not stick to the surface.<ref name=teflon>{{cite web |url=http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/technical-documents/articles/material-matters/fluorinated-hyperbranched.html |title= Fluorinated Hyperbranched Polymers |last1= Mueller |first1= Anja |year= 2006 |work= Sigma Aldrich |accessdate=19 May 2013}}</ref> Teflon is commonly used to reduce friction in biomaterial applications such as in arterial grafts, catheters, and guide wire coatings.

=== Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) ===