A recent work by Basios et al. shows that by optimising the data structure, Google Guava can found 9% improvement on execution time, 13% improvement on memory consumption and 4% improvement on CPU usage separately<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Basios|first1=Michail|last2=Li|first2=Lingbo|last3=Wu|first3=Fan|last4=Kanthan|first4=Leslie|last5=Barr|first5=Earl T.|title=Optimising Darwinian Data Structures on Google Guava|journal=Search Based Software Engineering|date=9 September 2017|pages=161–167|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-66299-2_14|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-66299-2_14|publisher=Springer, Cham|language=en}}</ref>.
